[11] 



COLLECTING AND PRESERVING INSECTS RILEY. 



The relation of these sixteen orders to the older, septenary scheme is 

 shown by the following arrangement: 



1. Hynienoptera . . Hymen optera XV. 



2. Coleoptera ..... Coleoptera X. 



3. Lepidoptera . . . .Lepidoptera XIV. 



<f Homoptera. 

 ( Heiniptera IX ....... ( Heteroptera. 



{ Thyss f nO p ter a VIII. 



Including Aphauiptera or Si- 



4. Hemiptera 



6. Orthoptera 



w 



5. Diptera - - { Diptera . phonalter{of some authors . 



Orthoptera VII. 

 Dermaptera VL 



'Trichoptera XIII i 

 Mecoptera XII > Neuroptera. 

 Neuroptera XI ) 

 Platyptera V 



7. JSTeuroptera < 



Plecoptera IV 



Odouata III )> Pseudo-ueuroptera. 



Ephemeroptefall 



Th ysau ura I 



It will be seen that the changes are not so great as would at first 

 appear. The three more important orders, namely, the Hynienoptera, 

 Coleoptera, and Lepidoptera, remain substantially the same in all clas- 

 sifications, and so with the three orders next in importance the Hem- 

 iptera, Diptera, and Orthoptera. All that has been done with these 



X>ia 5 fm ill 



FIG. 3. Cross section of Fii;. _'. 



three has been to rank as separate orders what by former authors 

 were preferably considered as either families or suborders. The princi- 

 pal change is in the Neuroptera, of which no less than eight orders ha v<- 

 been made. This is not to be wondered at, because the order, as for- 

 merly construed, was conceded to be that which represents the lowest 



