Vol. XXX ] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 6/ 



tarsi of Timema, on the other hand, are but three-jointed, and 

 the legs are extremely similar to those of the Plecopteroid in- 

 sects, so that in this respect Timema is as strongly Plecopteroid 

 as Grylloblatta is Blattoid ! The head and its appendages in 

 Timema are more like these structures in the Plecopteroid in- 

 sects, as is markedly true of the neck and prothoracic sclerites. 

 I find a strong suggestion of the pronouncedly demarked in- 

 tersegmental region in front of both the meso- and metathorax 

 in Timema, and since to my knowledge, this condition occurs 

 elsewhere only in such Plecopteroid insects as the Embiids and 

 Plecoptera, I think that it is a very important feature in de- 

 termining the ultimate affinities of Timema! The terminal ab- 

 dominal structures (exclusive of the rather aberrant genitalia 

 of the male) of Timciua are strongly suggestive of Dermap- 

 teron affinities such for example as the flattened cerci com- 

 posed of a single segment and bearing mesal prong-like pro- 

 jections, the projecting epiproct (eleventh tergite) and the 

 dorso-ventrally flattened paraprocts (or plates on either side of 

 the anus) .which are quite similar in both Dermaptera and 

 Timema as may be readily seen by comparing the figures of 

 these structures shown in a paper published in Vol. 13 (page 

 49) of the Bulletin of the Brooklyn Ent. Soc. for June, 1918. 

 Although the ovipositor of Timema is more like that of the 

 Blattids and Mantids, it could have been derived from the type 

 of ovipositor present in such Dermaptera as Echinosoma as 

 well, so that the fact that most of the Panplecoptera have 

 not developed (or preserved) an ovipositor would not stand in 

 the way of deriving the Orthopteroid insects from ancestors 

 resembling the Panplecoptera, since some Panplecoptera, at 

 least (Echinosoma, etc.), have an ovipositor and then, too, 

 all of the Orthopteroid insects have not preserved an oviposi- 

 tor either, since the Gryllotalpids, for example, have none. 



From the foregoing discussion, it is apparent that Timema 

 is much more like the members of the group Panplecoptera 

 (and the Dermaptera in particular) than it is like the mem- 

 bers of the group Pandictyoptera. That I am not alone in 

 this view is evident from the following passage from Mr. 



