90 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [March, 



infesting our orchard trees, even if only a single application were made. 

 At this strength even if it does not kill the scale or the eggs which may 

 be under it, part of the waxy or other material composing the scale will 

 be loosened from its fastenings, so as to allow water to penetrate and 

 complete the work begun by the insecticide. As a matter of practice a 

 second spraying two or three weeks after the first is to be recommended, 

 that the work begun by the first may be completed. Few scales, indeed, 

 will survive such treatment, and the trees will show the beneficial effect 

 early in the season, having nothing to retard their growth. This practice 

 is especially important in nurseries, from which it is certain that many of 

 the plant diseases and injurious insects are widely spread at the present 

 day. 



Notes and. 



ENTOMOLOGICAL GLEANINGS FROM ALL QUARTERS 

 OF THE GLOBE. 



[The Conductors of ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS solicit, and will thankfully receive items 

 of news, likely to interest its readers, from any source. The author's name will be given 

 in each case for the information of cataloguers and bibliographers.] 



To Contributors. All contributions will be considered and passed upon at our 

 earliest convenience, and as far as may be, will be published according to date of recep- 

 tion. ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS has reached a circulation, both in numbers and circumfer- 

 ence, as to make it necessary to put " copy'' into the hands of the printer, for each number, 

 three weeks before date of issue. This should be remembered in sending special or im- 

 portant matter for certain issue. Owing to low subscription rate, " extras" will be charged 

 for, and when they are wanted, it should be so stated on the MS. along with the number 

 desired. The receipt of all papers will be acknowledged. ED. 



INSECT TRACHEAE. Dr. A. C. Stokes writes in "Science" for Jan. 27, 

 1893, " to confirm an important discovery made in this country, but, so 

 far as I have been able to learn, never corroborated in any American 

 publication. It was Prof. George Macloskie, of Princeton College, who 

 announced in the "American Naturalist" for 1884, page 567, that the so- 

 called spiral threads of insect trachea are in reality chitinous folds of the 

 membrane, and consequently tubules, which are longitudinally fissured." 

 Dr. Stokes' observations, made chiefly on Zaitha JJiuninea, are described 

 at length, and the appearance of the tracheal threads, or Uenidia, is fig- 

 ured. The tcenidia, as has been previously pointed out, are not spiral, but 

 primarily independent of and parallel to each other. He also discusses 

 certain "internal, chitinous, hair-like bodies arising from the fold of the 

 tsenidia and projecting into the lumen of the tubes," and " certain minute, 

 elliptical bodies in the trenidia, each with an internal, presumably gland- 

 ular, appendage, to all appearance forming part of the tcenidium, from 

 which it springs." 



VENTURESOME INSECTS. It is perhaps worth recording in connection 

 with notes on venturesome insects, that it has several times been my ex- 



