Vol. Xxiii] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 8 1 



NOTES ON WESTERN U. S. LEPIDOPTEKA. Erebus odo atus L. On 

 Aug. 10, 1911, I took a worn and battered specimen of this moth at 

 Palo Alto, California, 30 miles south of San Francisco. On the gth 

 of July, while in Nevada, I saw a large, black moth, which must have 

 been this species, fluttering about the door of a cabin, just before 

 dusk. The moth, as far as I was able to see, was in good condition. 

 The cabin is in a small canyon about 30 miles north of Reno, the sur- 

 rounding country being practically a desert. 



Vanessa californica Bdv. I noticed a remarkable abundance of the 

 caterpillars of this species in the Sierra Nevada Mountains, during the 

 past July and August. They were feeding on "buck brush" (Ceano- 

 tlms sp.) for the most part. The newspapers state that the butterflies 

 have since become very numerous, and bothersome to travellers. The 

 butterflies have been quite common at Palo Alto during October. Or- 

 dinarily they are rare here. 



Lemonias mormo Feld. This species should be added to my "But- 

 terflies of the Lake Tahoe Region," Ent. News, xxi, pp. 274-277, 309- 

 317, 1910. I took a number of specimens near Deerpark. at elevations 

 of 7,000 to 8,000 feet, during the latter part of August, 1910. The 

 season of 1910 was very early, and I suppose ordinarily the species 

 would not appear until September. T also took Chrysof>hanns mariposa 

 and Lycaena shasta near Deerpark (7,500-8,000 feet). T have already 

 recorded these from Glen Alpine. E. J. NEWCOMER. Palo Alto, Cal. 



A CASE EITHER OF SECONDARY OR DOUBLE EGG PARASITISM.. In 

 early July, 1911. Mr. Henry H. Severin sent to me a large number 

 of the parasitized eggs of Cimbe.v atnericana Leach in the leaves of 

 willow. After several days, these gave forth large numbers of 

 (Pentartliron'} Trichoqramma nnnnfnin Riley and a single proctotry- 

 pid. Upon their receipt, a few of the eggs had been isolated in vials 

 and when they were examined later, in one case a third species of 

 parasite was found to have emerged a male eulophid of the Ente- 

 doninre. Observation of the parasitized host egg in this case revealed 

 also about a half dozen pupae of the TricJwc/ranniw, all in a compact 

 mass on one side of it; the remaining part of the egg was clean and 

 smooth somewhat like a pupal cavity and was doubtless occupied by 

 the pupa of the eulophid. No adults of the Trictwgramuta issued 

 from it and the pupa? observed were dead. Before the egg cavity had 

 been disturbed, a single exit hole had been observed at one side of the 

 center over the space doubtless occupied by the eulophid. Here, we 

 have either a case of secondary or else double parasitism in the egg; 

 and the former seems to me the more likely, from the nature and habits 

 of the EulophidjE, and also because of the fact that a large number of 

 the Triclicfirainwa seemed to have he-en killed, a larger number than 

 would seem to be necessary for the survival of the eulophid, if the 



