10 PROCEEDINGS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY 



(pi. 4, fig 4) with five teeth, one ventrally compressed; when 

 closed the toothed edge is vertical. Labium normal with short 

 membrana articularia; in some specimens mentum and sub-men- 

 tum appear to be fused, in others the articulation is distinct. 

 Cardo pear-shaped with small, irregular, strongly chitinized plate 

 at the base. The triangular plates of the hj^postoma meet ap- 

 proximately, their hind margins forming a rounded arch which 

 projects for I into the head-capsule. Maxillary palpus three- 

 jointed with large palpiger; lacinia has three two-jointed digit! 

 and two setae; the base of the lacinia bears four or five overlap- 

 ping plates connected by a chitinous band with similar plates 

 on the maxillulse 1 (pi. 6, fig. 1; pi. 7, fig. 3). Epicranial setrc 

 eleven on the dorsal and seven on the ventral sides; there are also 

 a varying number of punctures and small setitious tubercles on 

 the basal half of the dorsal side. Length of full grown larvn. 

 6-7 mm. 



The last instar is a feeding one, the species differing in this 

 regard from Marmara and the true Gracilaria which have a final 

 specialized stage during which the larvae are active and have 

 functioning mandibles but do not use them for feeding. 



The entire larval period is about twenty days. 



COCOON. 



After it leaves its mine the larva lets itself down by a strand 

 of silk to a more secluded place where it spins a cocoon, nearly 

 always on the under side of a leaf near the edge or against one 

 of the ribs. The cocoon is a double affair consisting of a thin 

 outer layer built up from the leaf, and a second, similar, inner 

 layer, everywhere separated from the first by from 1 to 1.5 mm. 

 The cocoon (pi. 1, fig. 4) is 14 mm. long, white, rather flattened, 

 oval and transparent. The outer covering is decorated along 

 the middle with from four to ten small, pearl-like globules similar 

 to those on the Marmara cocoons, but fewer in number and less 

 brilliant. This decorating of the cocoon is quite characteristic 

 of several Gracilariidse. Meyrick 2 mentions two Indian species 

 (A. austeropa, Meyr., and Epicephala chalybacma, Meyr.) which 

 have the same habit. These bubbles are also common to the 

 cocoons of all the species of Marmara. Their purpose is con- 

 siderable of a mystery but, as they have the appearance of eggs, 

 they are presumably of some protective value to the pupa. AT 



1 The presence of these organs in other Lepidopterous larvae was pointed 

 out by Busck and Boving in their recent paper on Mnemonica auricyanea 

 (Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., xvi, 4, pp. 153, 161, 1914). 



'-.In. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc., p. 118, June 1914. 



