ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 47 



accounts of in the Zool. Anxeiger, 1881, p. 499, the Entomolo- 

 gisehe Xachrichten, iSSS, p. 273, and finally, \vithgood figures 

 , in the Trans. Knt. Soc. London, 1895, P art ^ P- 4^3. are re ~ 

 markable in that the larva- are provided with both spiracles 

 and tracheal gills, for breating air above or beneath the surface 

 of the water, and are provided also with a series of median 

 ventral suckers, reminding one of the condition of all Illrpha- 

 yoccrid larv;e. The pupae of these Brazilian Psychodids is re- 

 markable for its great modification, being broad, flattened, 

 provided with prothoracic breathing tubes, and clinging im- 

 movably by its ventral aspect to the surface of a rock wall, in 

 all respects a structure, appearance and habit very like those 

 shown by the pupa- of Blepharoceridae. The pupa of Miall's 

 semi-aquatic I\vchodid\<, of the usual Tipulid-like type and the 

 larva has no ventral suckers and has only spiracles, not tracheal 



gills. 



My California!! aquatic l\vdiodid is of the type of Midler's 

 Braxilian forms. The larva.- and especially pupae are strongly 

 like Ji/t'p/iaroccnd larvae and pupae, in miniature, and have 

 nearly the same habit. The larvae which I found abundantly 

 on March i and later dates in Los Gatos Creek, and other 

 streams in the Sierra Morena Mountains, Santa Clara Count}-, 

 live on the stones of the stream bed not usually submerged but 

 always at the very verge of the water, sometimes submerged, 

 sometimes above the water surface, but always wetted by the 

 current or spray. They are when full grown about 2.5 mm. 

 long and about i mm. wide. They are, as Muller says of the 

 Brazilian specimens, onisciform but are narower and more 

 elongate in shape than O/iiscits. The shape and general ap- 

 pearance can be clearly understood by referring to Figure i, 

 in which both dorsal and ventral aspects arc- shown. They 

 are not flat but rather thick, and the dorsal surface is quite 

 firm. The ventral surface bears eight median scgnientally ar- 

 ranged suckers by which the larva holds firmly i but not nearh 

 SO strongly as the larva of the Blepharocvrid;e > to the surface 

 on which it rests. There are no thoracic breathing tubes and 

 openings, as described for l\ riconia by Miall, but simply a pair 

 of spiracles at the posterior tip of the abdomen, anal spiracles. 



