1890.] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 123 



Tiger beetle (e, e, e, fig. 7) the sharp pointed middle piece (marked 

 by the middle <?) appears to represent the united glossae and para- 

 glossae, if nothing more. 



It is necessary to warn the student that great variation exists in 

 different entomological writings, as to the names applied to the 

 parts of the labium. The nomenclature which is here given is 

 that of Comstock, with very slight modifications; it seems based 

 on sound homologies with the parts of the maxillae. 



Within the cavity of the mouth may be two other organs, the 

 epipharynx and the hypopharynx. The epipharynx is attached 

 to the inner surface of the labrum, the hypopharynx to the inner 

 surface of the labium; "both are rarely developed in the same 

 insect. . . . The form and position of the hypopharynx" re- 

 semble "those of the tongue of higher animals. On this ac- 

 count it has been named the lingua, or tongue. But as both of 

 these terms have been applied to the glossa* it is best to desig- 

 nate this part as the hypopharynx, and to avoid the use of the 

 terms lingua and tongue, as liable to be ambiguous (Comstock)." 



The foregoing description of the mouth parts is of that referred 

 to above as the typical arrangement, and to be found in biting in- 

 sects. In various modifications existing in sucking insects, some 

 of the mouth parts may be represented only by bristles, or united 

 to form a sheath. P. P. C. 



o 



A NEW APPLE PEST. 



BY F. W. CODING, M.D. , PH. D. 



Empoasca birdii n. sp. Seen from above long ovate, bright yellow, va- 

 rying to green; abdomen deeper yellow and attenuated at the extremity. 

 Head length of pronotum, obtusely rounded in front and convex; eyes 

 purple-black; ocelli nearer the eyes than each other; three pale bands 

 passing along the occiput, one at the centre and one at the edge on each 

 side along border of the eyes. Pronotum one and a half times length of 

 scutellum, its posterior border straight, front arched; three large, pale 

 spots on front edge, the mesial one being continuous with the correspond- 

 ing band on the occiput. Scutellum large, triangular, depressed, having 

 a pale green, broad band on posterior part; apex and base yellow, a dark 

 spot occupying the disc. Abdominal joints gradually decreasing in size; 

 pure yellow. Elytra slightly smoky, with a darker band passing across 

 the centre. Wings hyaline and iridescent, in the former the terminal vein 

 is at the margin, while in the latter has a membranous margin; lower part 



* When the two glossse alone are united into one median piece, this piece is often called 

 the glossa. 



