Vol. xxix] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 43 



within ten or twelve feet of the ground, although a few were 

 noted near the tree crown. When occurring in prostrate logs, 

 the exit holes seemed to be indiscriminately dispersed. 



The attacks of this beetle are not always fatal as is shown 

 by a number of standing and perfectly healthy trees with exit 

 holes on their boles. If these holes are numerous the tree is 

 generally dead. 



In the larval, and possibly the pupal, stages this insect must 

 be very resistant to water, as the log had apparently broken 

 off at the roots during the winter of 1916, been carried down 

 the canyon and jammed into the crevice by the high water. In 

 this journey down the stream the water must have seeped into 

 the interior of the log. A live larva was placed in water and 

 was drowned in 28 minutes. This, however, is a more severe 

 test of vitality than the water-soaked log was. A live adult 

 was drowned in 15 minutes 35 seconds. Three hours in a 

 strong cyanide bottle was insufficient to kill three of the adults. 



Larva. Robust, ventrally flat, dorsally convex; yellowish white, 

 mandibles black; 9 abdominal segments, 3 thoracic; clypeus white, 

 labrum darker and on anterior two-thirds densely, finely ciliate; labium 

 and maxillae white with a line along their base chitinized; antennae 

 3-jointed, bisetose at tip. Body covered with short fine silky brown 

 hair; body resembles that of a "white grub" being curled, however, 

 the anterior segments are much the larger. Legs apparently 3-jointed 

 (Horn says with 4 articulations), tarsal claw one and cleft. Length 

 46-63 mm. (All measurements following are from the anterior mar- 

 gin of the thorax to the tip of elytra.) 



Pupa. Resembles the adult, white: head, thorax, and elytra smooth, 

 the latter bent under the abdomen between the middle and hind pair 

 of legs; the most prominent costae and tubercles usually visible on 

 the elytra; dorsal surface of the meso- and meta-thorax and of the 

 abdomen visible: scutellum prominent: a row of fine recurved teeth 

 across the dorsal side of each abdominal segment except the last, each 

 row situated nearer to the posterior edge of the segment than to the 

 anterior and on an elevated ridge; abdomen Q-segmented; on the 

 end of the abdomen is attached the shriveled larval skin, the mandibles 

 on the ventral side. Length 42-64 mm., width 15-20 mm. 



Adult. Cylindrical, shining black: head concealed from above by 

 the thorax; antennae to-jointed, first joint elongate and stout, over 

 twice as long as the second joint which is also stout: joints 3 to 7 

 smaller and equal; joints 8 to 10 much wider and clavate, 8 and 9 



