Vol. XXIV] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 189 



the interior of the larval chamber." From serial cross-sections he 

 finds that the alimentary canal of Philonix nigra and Amphibolips 

 confluens, both gall-producers, is complete throughout and possesses 

 an anus, quite the reverse of previous ideas on this detail of Cynipid 

 anatomy. No fragments of plant cell-walls were found in the in- 

 testinal lumen of these two species, although such were found in the 

 similarly sectioned lumen of an inquiline. He also obtained evidence 

 that inquilines have a limited ability to stimulate gall-production. 



On the question of the response of the plant to the stimulus effected 

 by the insect leading to the production of a characteristic gall, Mr. 

 Cosens rejects the conventional view that the protoplasm of the plant 

 has been endowed with entirely new characteristics and shows that 

 the apparently new tissues of the gall can be found in other normal 

 parts of the host or of its relatives. 



Another interesting relation between plant and insect is summarized 

 thus : "The larva secretes an enzyme capable of changing starch to 

 sugar which acts on the starchy constituents of the nutritive zone [of 

 the galll and accelerates the rate of their change to sugar. The ma- 

 terial thus prepared supplies nourishment for both the larva and the 

 gall." 



There is a bibliography of 46 titles. The thirteen plates contain 85 

 figures reproduced by the Heliotype Co., of Boston, from photographs 

 of sections of galls. 



Doings of Societies. 



AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 

 Meeting of December Qth, 1912, Dr. Philip P. Calvert, Presi- 

 dent, in the chair. Nine persons present. The reports of the 

 Treasurer, Curator, Librarian and Publication Committee were 

 read. The annual election was held and the following persons 

 were elected to serve as officers for the year 1913: President, 

 Philip P. Calvert ; Vice-President, H. W. Wenzel ; Treasurer, 

 E. T. Cresson ; Curator, Henry Skinner ; Librarian, E. T. Cres- 

 son, Jr.; Recording Secretary, Henry Skinner; Corresponding 

 Secretary, J. A. G. Rehn ; Publication Committee, E. T. Cres- 

 son, C. F. Seiss, B. H. Smith; Executive Committee, P. Lau- 

 rent, H. W. Wenzel, D. M. Castle ; Finance Committee, C. S. 

 Welles, D. M. Castle, Morgan Hebard. 



Meeting of February 27th, 1913, Dr. Philip P. Calvert, Presi- 

 dent, in the chair. 



Dr. Skinner made some remarks on the Hesperid genus 



