136 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 21, NO. 6, JUNE, 1919 



modified styli, they might be called gonostyli to indicate their 

 true nature; but for the purpose of this paper, it is sufficiently 

 accurate to designate the forceps of male sawflies as the gono- 

 pods, since this term is applied to homologous structures in the 

 nearly related Mecoptera, Trichoptera, Neuroptera, etc. 



The penis valves "pv" of Figs, i, 27, 40, 41, etc , composing 

 the central structure called the "penis," by students of the saw- 

 fly group, may possibly represent the paired structures labeled 

 "eu" in Fig. 29 of an ephemerid, or the structures labeled "pm" 

 in Fig. 30, or in Fig. 34, may be homologous with the penis valves. 

 Whatever their homologues in lower insects may be, the penis 

 valves of sawflies ("pv" of Figs. 27, 41, etc.) appear to be homol- 

 ogous with the penis valves of the Mecoptera, labeled "pv" in 

 Figs. 35 and 31, and provisionally, at least, I would adopt this 

 interpretation of these parts. It has been suggested that the 

 penis valves may be homologous with the structure sometimes 

 called the uncus in higher Hymenoptera, but since the penis 

 valves do not form an "uncus," or hook, in the sawflies, and since 

 they do not appear to be homologous with the structure to which 

 the term uncus is usually applied in the Lepidoptera, I prefer to 

 refer to them simply as the penis valves when they are distinct, 

 or as the "penis," when they are united although a subsequent 

 study of the sawflies may indicate that the true penis is a deli- 

 cate structure enclosed within the penis valves. 



The copulatory ossicles "gl" (Figs. 40, 16, 14, etc.) of sawflies 

 may possibly be homologous with the structures termed "sagittae" 

 (a designation usually applied to the markings of the wings in 

 Lepidoptera) in higher Hymenoptera, and I have therefore 

 provisionally designated them as the "sagittae" in the present 

 paper, although I have not as yet been able to obtain the inter- 

 mediate forms to enable me to determine whether this is the cor- 

 rect interpretation of these parts, or not; and the same is true 

 of the parts which I have provisionally homologized with the so- 

 called volsellae of higher Hymenoptera (i. e., the sclerite labeled 

 "pal," in the different figures of sawfly genitalia). I had former-h- 

 ref erred to the structures "gl" and "pal" as the "gonossiculi" 

 and "parossiculi;" but rather than to introduce new terms for 

 parts already supplied with appropriate designations, it is pre- 

 ferable to apply the terms sagittae and volsellae to them pro- 

 vissionally, until the necessary material is available to determine 

 whether this interpretation is correct or not. The terms prae- 

 putium and manubria have (in a few instances) been applied to 

 the plates and processes labeled "pa" in the different figures of 

 sawfly genitalia; but I prefer to refer to these structures simply 

 as the parapenis plates and processes. The designation prae- 



