PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 21, NO. 6, JUNE, 1919 145 



genitalia of male insects by Cramp ton, 19183, page 63) to refer 

 to the structure labeled "eu" in Fig. 34 of the Dermapteron 

 figured in the present paper, and the application of the term 

 praeputium should be restricted to structures homologous with 

 those labeled "eu" in the figure of the Dermapteron (Fig. 34) in 

 all insects. Smith, 1906, (Explanation of Terms Used in Ento- 

 mology), defines the praeputium as "the external membranous 

 covering of the penis; specifically a spherical muscular mass at 

 the base of the penis in some Orthoptera," and, as so defined, the 

 structures in question cannot be called the praeputium in saw- 

 flies, if the term is to have a general application. Similarly, the 

 designation "manubrium" cannot be used for the processes 

 labeled "pa" in Fig. i, without creating confusion, since the term 

 manubrium is applied to a ventral plate of the abdominal region 

 in Dermaptera, to the anterior projecting portion of the mesoster- 

 num of elaterid beetles, and to the base of the spring in Collem- 

 bola (a usage accepted by most entomologists), thus making it 

 far preferable to use some other term for the structures in ques- 

 tion in the sawflies, if we are to avoid confusion in the established 

 application of the term manubrium. 



While the designation genital forceps is extremely appropriate 

 for the gonopods, the same term is applied to the forceps-like 

 cerci (which are not homologous with the gonopods) in the Dermap- 

 tera, and since the gonopods of sawflies are not homologous with 

 the cerci of Dermaptera, but are possibly homologous with the 

 structures near the penis in these insects, it is preferable to em- 

 ploy the term gonopods for the genital forceps of sawflies, since 

 they clearly correspond to the structures called gonopods in 

 Mecoptera, Trichoptera, Neuroptera, etc. 



The term "cochlearium" (which I take to be the Latin word 

 meaning "a spoon"), while very appropriate for the spoon-like 

 or shell-like terminal segment of the gonopods of sawflies, is 

 hardly suitable for the slender, claw-like terminal segment of 

 the gonopods of Mecoptera, etc., which is nothing like a spoon, 

 and since the term harpes has been universally applied to the 

 terminal segments of the gonopods in Lepidoptera, it has seemed 

 preferable to retain the designation harpes for the terminal seg- 

 ments of the gonopods of insects in general. The use of the terms 

 cardo and stipes for the basal ring and the basal segment of the 

 gonopods is greatly to be deplored, since the designations cardo 

 and stipes have always been applied to sclerites of the maxillae, 

 and if we are ever to have a uniform application of terms in ento- 

 mology (as is insisted upon in vertebrate anatomyj, such inde- 

 scriminate usages must be abandoned. On this account, in place 

 of the designations cardo, stipes (pleural "stipites"), and lacinia as 



