362 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [February, 



A three years' course leading to the degree of Doctor of 

 Philosophy is in active operation, three subjects Botany, 

 Chemistry and Entomology, arranged as a major and two 

 minors being required. In those cases where entomology is 

 chosen as the major subject the course consists of lectures and 

 laboratory work, some of the topics treated being the fol- 

 lowing : 



Morphology and Development of Insects Embryology. Trans- 

 formations. Histology. Phylogeny. Hermaphroditism. Hy- 

 brids. Parthenogenesis. Psedogenesis. Colors ; chemistry of 

 insect colors. Mimicry. Warning coloration. L/uminosity. 

 Deformities of insects. Insect variation. Duration of life. 



(Ecology of Insects. Life histories of insects. Instincts of 

 insects. Insect architecture. Dimorphisms. Polymorphisms. 

 Fertilization of plants through the agency of insects. Insect 

 products of value to man. Insects as disseminators of disease. 

 Enemies of insects ; vegetable and animal, including parasit- 

 ism. Geographical distribution in the different faunal regions. 

 Methods of distribution. Insect migrations. Geological history 

 of insects. 



Economic Entomology. Principles. Insecticides. Apparatus. 

 Special cases (borers, etc.). Photography of insects and their 

 work. Methods of drawing for illustrations. Field work on 

 insects. Insect legislation. 



Svstcmatic Entomology. History of entomology, including 

 the classification of various authors and the principles of classi- 

 fication. Laws governing nomenclature. Literature ; how to 

 find and use it. Indexing literature. Number of insects in 

 collections and in existence (estimated). Lives of prominent 

 entomologists. Methods of collecting, preparing, preserving 

 and shipping insects. Important collection of insects of the 

 world. 



In connection with these topics corresponding laboratory 

 work is given so far as possible, and in addition investigations 

 on subjects not previously studied are made, and the results 

 published in the form of graduate theses. 



