XXxii, '21] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 13 



the base; within this it spins a fine \vel> spreading outwardly ; 

 the lower epidermis is left uneaten now. 



The larva is a very conspicuously marked creature: head almost 

 black, first thoracic segment golden !>rovvn, second thoracic segment 

 very dark reddish brown, remaining segments somewhat paler brown 

 with four irregular pale brownish yellow conspicuous transverse bands 

 situated as follows: at the anterior margin of the third thoracic, across 

 the posterior margin of the third thoracic and anterior margin of the 

 first abdominal, at the posterior margin of the fifth abdominal, and 

 at the posterior margin of the sixth abdominal segments respectively. 



Cocoon of silk and bits of rubbish on the surface ol the 

 ground. Imagoes May 12-15 of the following year. 



Heliozela aesella Chambers. 



Hclioscla aesella Chambers, Can. Ent.. IX, 108, 1877. 



The larvae produce flattened galls on leaves of grape. The 

 gall consists of an irregularly shaped thickening of the leaf, sit- 

 uated on a vein and extending to either side of it, the area in- 

 volved rarely being more than one centimeter in diameter, with 

 a thickness perhaps three or four times that of the leaf itself. 

 The galls are paler in color than the rest of the leaf and about 

 equally distinct on the upper and lower surface. The larva 

 consumes most of the leaf substance in the gall, especially in 

 a large oval area, where only the epidermis is left. At maturi- 

 ty it cuts from this area, an oval case, in outline similar to 

 that of Antispila. This case, however, does not remain flat, 

 but is rolled up into a spindle, which falls to the ground. The 

 spindle is flattened at each end. where a semi-circular fissure 

 is left, guarded by the closely appressed, flattened, projecting 

 ends. The spindle is then covered with fine panicles of earth, 

 and lined throughout with close whitish silk. Within this 

 cocoon an inner pupal chamber is partitioned oft" : this tapers 

 to a point at the posterior end, but at the anterior end is closed 

 by a flat transverse sheet of papery silk. In emergence, the 

 pupa pushes up this sheet of silk and protrudes fn>m the 

 cocoon to the side of the median line between the flat project- 

 ing ends. 



The moths appear in the latter part of April and in early 

 May; the galls develop on the expanding leaves and arc fully 

 formed by the beginning of June. The larvae reach maiuri'.y 



