64 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Feb., 'OQ 



Dept. Agric. Div. Biol. Survey, 1899), and what he says of 

 the zones there can as well be applied to the region about Cas- 

 tella, only 21 miles south of the mountain. 



The Transition zone embraces the whole country about Mt. 

 Shasta, except Shasta Valley to the northward (which is di- 

 luted Upper Sonoran), and fills the McCloud and Pitt River 

 Valley to the south and reaching into the mountains to an 

 altitude of 5000 or 6000 ft. It consists chiefly of coniferous 

 forests, which in the lower and more arid regions, are com- 

 posed of Pinus ponder osa interspersed with other conifers, us 

 Pseudotsuga mucronata and Libocedrus decurrens, which, how- 

 ever, grow in moister places than the yellow pine and extend 

 higher into the mountains. The black oak (Quercus calif orni- 

 07) is found with P. pondcrosa, Ta.vus brevifolia occurs along 

 the river edges, while the sugar pine (Pinus lambertiana), 

 Abies concolor loiviana are abundant about the middle or upper 

 portions of the zone. Only one grove of B. attenuata was seen. 

 The white fir (Chatnaecyparis lawsoniana) occurs in moist 

 groves as far up as the Canadian zone. 



This is a less extensive zone than the first and characterized 

 by forests of smaller conifers, etc. Restricted to this zone, 

 which has a vertical height of about 2500 ft., is the Tamarack 

 or lodge-pole pine (Pinus murrayana}, the White Mountain 

 pine (Pinus monticola), and the Shasta fir (Abies shastensis). 

 Among the shrubs Quercus vaccinifolia and Arctostaphylos 

 uvaursi, both low spreading plants, were noted as belonging 

 here. A Rhododendron with rose-tinged flowers was common 

 in this zone growing along the lake margins and small creeks. 

 The marshy mountain meadows form conspicuous green 

 patches, often of large extent at one or both ends of the lakes, 

 while dryer and more exposed portions of this zone have a 

 more or less open growth of chaparral, with here and there a 

 clearing, often carpeted with polygonaceous and other flowers. 



The Hudsonian zone was noted in the Trinity Mountains as 

 small groves of alpine hemlock (Tsuga mertensiand) growing 

 on the cool shaded sides of the highest ridges, at an altitude 



