April, '08] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 167 



collected these plants and many specimens were taken as well 

 as observations made on their habits. On sunny days they 

 are on the wing from 10 A. M. to sunset. Often a female 

 will rest on a leaf for a while then move to the edge and by 

 bending the abdomen deposit a egg on the under side of the 

 leaf. In several cases I observed females depositing an egg 

 on a leaf near the head of the plant. Most of the ova are 

 laid on the leaves near the stem about 6 inches from the base. 

 The larvae enter the stems from 1-2 inches above the crown 

 of the stock and bore into the roots. The following year they 

 continue feeding in the roots and work up into the new stems 

 for about 1-2 inches where they prepare a place for emerg- 

 ence by eating through the side of the stems. Pupation takes 

 place in the gallery. The larvae mature from July 15-30^1. 

 The first pupa was observed on August 2nd. The moths were 

 observed from August 7th to September I3th. They are most 

 abundant about middle August. These observations however, 

 were taken from the material observed at large and the speci- 

 men taken on August the 7th must have been in the pupa 

 state about middle July. The average length of the pupa 

 state is about 20 days. A description of the early stages as 

 far as observed follows : 



Ova. Straw-yellow, oblong in shape, depressed flat surface at top 

 and base, ovally rounded at the ends. The lower half is plain, the up- 

 per half ornamented by white lines in the form of irregular hexag- 

 onal net-work. Length 0.75 mm. Width 0.45 mm. Height 0.35 mm. 



Larva, last stage. Length 14 mm., head 1.50 mm. wide, rounded, 

 slightly bilobed, light chestnut brown shading darker to the mouth 

 parts. Edge of mandibles and the ocelli darker brown. Antennae 

 and spinneret light brown. Head sparsely covered with pale brown 

 hairs. Body and abdominal legs dirty white. Thoracic shield, thoracic 

 legs and claws on abdominal legs pale brown. Tubercles inconspicu- 

 ous, indicated by single light brown setae, I shorter than II, setae slightly 

 longer on anal segment. Along dorsum a semi-transparent line is evi- 

 dent, most conspicuous in the intersections. Anal plate tinged with 

 light brown. 



p u p a . Light chestnut brown, with the usual chisel-shaped process 

 developed on head. Spines on segments rather profuse. 



