OF WASHINGTON, VOLUME XVI, 1914 



tertiary, and hereby proposes these terms with definitions of tin- 

 three resulting classes. 



Primary sexual characters are those which relate to the true organ ~ 

 of generation: the internal reproductive system and the external 

 genitals. 



Secondary sexual characters are those which relate to the external 

 structures immediately accessory to the true organs of generation. 

 They include in the muscoid flies the hypopygium of both sexes in 

 its widest sense, being such structures as the ovipositor, piercer, 

 ventral carina, hypopygial clasping organs all extra-primary 

 structures directly functional in copulation, oviposition and larvi- 

 position, or specially designed for the reception of such structure- 

 during rest. 



Tertiary sexual characters include all others that are ever distinc- 

 tive of sex and may be defined as those which pertain to struct tires 

 not directly functional in either copulation, oviposition or larvi- 

 position, nor adapted for reception of organs directly concerned in 

 these functions. For example, the elongated claws of certain male 

 flies are indirectly functional in copulation, but so are the legs and 

 the whole body for that matter. Neither is to be considered as 

 immediately accessory to the true organs of generation. 



The mass of sexual characters in the muscoid flies are to be classed 

 as tertiary. A great number of external anatomical structures are 

 here involved, representing nearly all parts of the body. The 

 tertiary sexual characters are not at all uniform as to the structures 

 that they affect, but vary greatly in different groups of these flies. 

 A detailed enumeration of them is already in manuscript, and will 

 be published in due time. 



CERATOPOGONIN/E SUCKING THE BLOOD OF OTHER INSECTS. 



BY FREDERICK KNAB, Bureau of 



In discussing Ceratopogoninse as enemies of other insects in a 

 recent number of this journal, 1 observations by two different authors 

 were cited of these midges sucking the body-Quids of Anopheles 

 mosquitoes. I find that I overloooked a third note on this subject 

 by Dr. A. T. Stanton, which calls attention to an earlier record by 

 Capt. C. J. Feamside and adds observations made by himself in 

 the Malay Peninsula. 2 



1 Ceratopogoninae sucking the blood of caterpillars. Proc. Knf. Soc. 

 Wash., vol. 16, p. 63-66, 1914. 



2 A Ceratopogon parasitic upon anopheline mosquitos. P;iludisni, no. 5, 

 p. 64, 1912. 



