102 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [May, 



of the earth surrounding the infested plants. The plants and earth were 

 placed in buckets and at the ends of the rows deposited in barrels which 

 were afterward carted away and destroyed by fire. Then plowed a furrow 

 about two inches dead away from each side of the rows with Allen's 

 double wheel-hoe and applied 500 pounds kainit per acre broadcast and 

 cultivated the soil level again. Result: No more maggots could be found 

 afterward and no flies were seen among the plants as a second brood 

 later in the season. The crop matured without further disturbance after- 

 ward. 



1894. Sets were planted in the field after treatment with sulphate of 

 copper for smut, March i2th. April iSth found evidence of the maggot, 

 and as I was then expecting them and watching every day for their ap- 

 pearance, I found them much earlier than the year before. I also found 

 that on a plot that had been in Winter radishes and left on the ground 

 over Winter, they were very much worse than elsewhere. This time no 

 plants were removed, but furrows were again turned from the rows; 600 

 pounds kainit per acre was applied broadcast and again the soil was cul- 

 tivated level. Results: No maggots could be found after three days and 

 no flies were seen during the season. The crop matured without further 

 damage. 



1895. Sets were planted, after treatment with sulphate of copper, April 

 5th. April 2yth maggots were found in abundance, and kainit was applied 

 after the usual turning away of the soil from the rows at the rate of 500 

 pounds per acre, broadcast. Results: No more maggots could be found 

 a few days afterward, nor were flies seen in the fields. The crop matured 

 in good shape without further disturbance from insects. 



1896. Sets were planted after the bath in sulphate of copper April 6th, 

 and April 24th maggots had made their appearance. I at once applied 

 the usual treatment of 500 pounds of kainit per acre, and in addition 100 

 pounds nitrate of soda. No further trouble was experienced on that plot 

 and the crop which was harvested on the first of July was an abundant 

 one. 



The onions harvested in July were placed in shallow crates holding 

 about one bushel each, and these were piled one above another in solid 

 piles of some hundreds of crates in the open air, until it was time to reset 

 for seed purposes. The crates were loosely packed together so that air 

 could circulate throughout the mass and the onions became thoroughly 

 dry. Before setting out they were rubbed together to remove all loose 

 shells and dirt for inspection as to purity of color. September 3oth these 

 onions were set on a plot that had grown onion sets for the past fifteen 

 years continuously and had never been infested with the maggots to this 

 time. In three days from the setting of the seed onions maggots to the 

 number of from 10 to 15 could be counted at work upon a single speci- 

 men. The onions were set in furrows three feet apart and had not been 

 covered with soil when this discovery was made. We were better able, 

 therefore, to apply the remedy, and we used 500 pounds of kainit on the 



