56 PROCEEDINGS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY 



killing the young plants. In Turkestan Hodotermes turkestanicus 

 is noted for injuries to telegraph poles. 



ORTHOPTERA. 



Representatives of this order have been scourges to mankind 

 from the earliest times, and accounts of their ravages occupy 

 prominent places in entomological literature. All families, save 

 one, contain injurious species, but the following especially merit 

 notice. 



Locustidce (Acridiidce] . 



Schistocerca paranensis Burm. is the destructive locust of Argen- 

 tina and surrounding regions of South America. Its distribution is 

 given as Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay and Chile. S. tartarica L. 

 (C. peregrinum Stal.), a similar species, and with which the above 

 has been at times confused, is an insect of the greatest importance 

 in northern Africa, and western Asia. It occurs in southern Europe 

 and is recorded from South and Central America. In the Sudan 

 this species is stated to be the most important of all insect pests 

 to crops, 



Orthacanthacris cegyptia L., the Acridium cegypticum of some 

 authors, ranges over southern Europe, northern Africa and western 

 Asia. Its history as a devastating species is too well known to 

 require comment. Another important form, Calliptamus italicus 

 L., ranges as far north as central Europe, and also inhabits northern 

 Africa and western Asia. Dociostaurus moroccanus Thunb. , period- 

 ically swarms over Algeria, living permanently in the higher alti- 

 tudes. This species ranges over about the same distribution as 

 the foregoing, and also occurs in Madeira. 



Colemania sphenarioides Bol., the so-called " Jolo Grasshopper," 

 and Hieroglyphus banian Fab. are first class enemies of cereals, 

 rice, etc. in Mysore State, the latter occurring also in China and 

 India. In Formosa Oxya intricata Stal and 0. velox Fabr. are 

 destructive enemies of rice, and Gelastorhinus esox Burr, does simi- 

 lar injury in Formosa, and also in Japan. 



C yrtacanthacris septemfasciata Serv. is the plague locust of Natal, 

 central and southern Africa, and is present in Borneo. This 

 species particularly was the cause for the foundation of the South 

 Africa Central Locust Bureau. Another species, the brown locust 

 of South Africa,' Locusta pardalina Walk, is also a pest of prime 

 importance. Some other species merit mention almost equally 

 with the foregoing. 



Anent locust ravages in northern Syria, it was stated in the 

 daily consular and trade reports that the commission appointed 

 by the government required every rural inhabitant to collect and 



