OF WASHINGTON, VOLUME XV, 1913. 65 



polyphagous species is Porthesia similis Fuessl. with about the 

 same distribution as L. monacha. It is often very destructive to 

 fruit trees. Euproctis subflava Brem. is very destructive to fruit 

 trees of all kinds in the Punjab, and probably elsewhere over its 

 range, in Japan, Corea, portions of China, Usuri, etc. 



Dasychira pudibunda L. is also a species of unsavory reputation 

 in Europe and widely spread, occurring in central and northern 

 Europe, Japan, China, etc. Orgyia gonostigma F. should also be 

 mentioned in this connection and has about the same range as 

 D. pudibunda. In New South Wales, Teia anartoides Walker is 

 regarded as a serious pest, feeding on Acacias, roses, cherry, etc. 

 T. contraria Walker, the bag shelter caterpillar, is reputed to kill 

 stock, the hairs of the caterpillars being eaten in grazing, cause 

 ulcerations of the mucous membranes. 



Lasiocampidce. 



Malacosoma neustria L. makes its tents on various plants, as oak, 

 elm, fruit trees, roses, etc., occurring pretty generally over Europe 

 except the polar region, and is present in western Asia, Siberia, 

 China, Japan, etc. Gastropacha quercifolia L., spread over Europe, 

 is at times of importance to fruit trees, as is Pcecilocampa populi L. 

 and Odonestis pruni L. Lasiocampa trifolii Esp., occurs on clover, 

 etc., in Europe and occurs also in England, and portions of Asia 

 Minor. 



Noctuidce. 



This large family, as would be surmised, contains many highly 

 injurious forms in different parts of the world. 



Charceas graminis L. is from time to time very abundant and 

 destructive to meadows in portions of Europe, the larvae eating 

 the roots of grasses. It is usually noted in devastating numbers in 

 the mountain districts. 



Mamestra composita L., the army worm of New Zealand, seriously 

 injures various grains and grasses. Dianthoecia compta occurs 

 over central and southern Europe, and includes in' its food violets 

 and carnations. Diloba cceruleocephala L. injures cherry, plum 

 and apple in England, occurring also in Europe and Asia Minor. 

 Hadena brassicce L. has a wide range, as Europe, Siberia, Japan, 

 India and South America. Prodenia littoralis Bdv. is a serious 

 pest of cotton in Uganda, Cape Colony, and Egypt, and occurs in 

 the Canaries, Asia, Central America, etc. Gortyna ochracea Hubn. 

 mines the stalks of Irish potatoes in Ireland, and occurs over 

 central Europe, in Italy, Russia, Corsica, etc. Nonagria inferens 

 Walk, bores the stems of rice in Formosa, while N. uniform/is 

 Dgn. is the cause of much complaint in India during the cold wea- 

 ther from its boring of wheat stems. N. exitiosa Oil. is said to be 



