74 PROCEEDINGS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY 



are of much value in lessening attack. With the exception of the 

 Rhagoletis pomonella, no species is as yet notably destructive in 

 the United States, though the notorious Mediterranean fruit 

 fly, Ceratitis capitata, is well established in the Territory of Hawaii. 

 Other dangerous forms are in the West Indies, some of them perhaps 

 already established in South Florida. The family is especially 

 rich in species in Africa, the East Indies and Australia, and in the 

 latter country constitute a veritable scourge to certain crops. 



Ceratitis capitata Wied., is now pretty well distributed over the 

 tropical and subtropical parts of the old world and occurs in Aus- 

 tralia, South Africa, Brazil, Burmuda, Hawaii, etc. It infests 

 practically all soft fruits, and numerous sorts of vegetables. It is 

 notably injurious to peaches, oranges and guavas, but infests 

 several dozen other fruits, vegetables and wild fruits. Ceratitis 

 anonce Graham injures guavas and the sour sop, in West Africa, 

 while C. punctata Wied. injures pods of the cacao in the same region. 



C. catoirei Guerin, considered by some identical with capitata, 

 infests oranges in Mauritius. C. rubivora Coq., the Natal fruit 

 fly, injures all sorts of cultivated fruits and is extending its range 

 over South Africa. It apparently ranks as a pest close with capi- 

 tata. 



The genus Dacus also contains a consideration number of forms 

 highly destructive. D. tryoni Froggatt, the Queensland fruit fly, 

 infests the banana, mango, peach, nectarine, orange and most other 

 fruits. It is evidently a pest of first importance and ranges from 

 India and Ceylon to Java, Amboina and Australia. D.ferrugin- 

 eus Fabr., the mango fruit fly, also infests oranges, mangoes and 

 other soft fruits and occurs in India, Java and probably many 

 of the Islands of Malaysia. It is thought to have been recently 

 introduced in the Philippines. D. cucurbits Coq., the melon 

 fruit fly of India, Ceylon and Hawaii, infests most disastrously 

 cantaloupes and watermelons in its range of distribution. D. 

 bipartitus Graham, a West African species, attacks especially 

 curcubits, though it is not regarded as a serious pest as yet. 



D. persicce Bigot, the peach fruit fly of India is very injurious 

 to peaches, oranges, mangoes, etc. D. psidii Froggat is the 

 South Sea guava fly, and is known from Fiji and New Cale- 

 donia. The Sudan fruit fly is also a Dacus, the species not yet 

 having beein dermined apparently. Dacus olece Rossi is an old 

 time enemy of the olive in the Mediterranean region, including 

 northern Africa and the Canary Islands. It is one of the prime 

 pests of the olive in its territory. The Baluchistan fruit fly, 

 Carpomyia pardalina Bigot, is also a melon pest of importance. 

 Anastrepha serpentina Wied. and related species infest guava 

 sapadillos, etc., in the Lesser Antilles, while several species of this 

 genus infest fruits in South America, as A. striata,fratercula, serpen- 



