28 PROCEEDINGS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY 



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elevated, round, polished knobs bearing on the posterior portion of 

 their summits the posteriorly arched crescentic spiracles. Second to 

 seventh segments with a sharp-pointed, backwardly-curved spine di- 

 rectly posterior to each spiracular tubercle. A short distance above 

 this spine is a similar one, and between these two from one to four 

 shorter ones. Some shorter teeth occur also both ventrally and dor- 

 sally from the stout spinas. These lateral spines become stronger 

 posteriorly. 



There is a definite break between the groups of lateral spines and 

 the weak spines forming the lateral elements of the dorsal series. 

 This break is marked by sharply impressed lines on segments 2 to 7 

 (PI. Ill, fig. 1). Dorsal series of spines on second to seventh seg- 

 ments consisting of a pair of stout spines on each side of the median 

 line (PI. Ill, fig. 2), the pair on the seventh segment being most 

 widely separated. On each side of the mid-dorsal pair are about three 

 other symmetrically placed strong spines. Between the larger spines 

 are varying numbers of shorter ones and gradually diminishing small 

 ones terminate the series on each side. All spines sharp pointed and 

 curved backward. Ventral surface of the second to seventh segments 

 with smaller spines, having median pairs of stronger teeth, most 

 widely separated on the third segment and nearest together on the 

 seventh. There is a tendency for one of the minor spines on each 

 side of the median pair to be larger than its fellows. These smaller 

 spines of varying number, but maintaining their series across venter 

 of the segments, interrupted only by the stronger ones and diminish- 

 ing gradually on each side. A wide hiatus exists between the last of 

 the ventral series on each segment and the group of spines near the 

 spiracular tubercle. 



Eighth or terminal segment with three strong spines on each side, 

 connected by series of weaker points (PI. Ill, fig. 1). The pair made 

 by the uppermost of these strong lateral teeth is more widely sepa- 

 rated than the corresponding ventral pair. In each case the inter- 

 space (that is, the dorsal and the ventral area of the segment) is de- 

 void of points, except for small ones immediately adjacent to the large 

 spines. The location of the larval anus is marked by a rounded, trans- 

 versely wrinkled knob, and the spiracular eminence consists of two 

 conspicuous tuberculate projections surmounted by sharp-pointed 

 downwardly curved spurs. 



It will be of value, in concluding, to compare briefly the 

 larva and pupa of Goniops, which so far as I know is the only 

 native pangoniid these stages of which have been described, 

 with the comparatively well-studied immature forms of the 

 true tabanids, such as Tabaniis and Chrysops. C. A. Hart 

 says: 1 



'Bull. 111. State Lab. Nat. Hist., IV, Art. vi, 1895, p. 221. 



