426 Botanical Notices from Spain. 



German miles, and covers frequently whole square miles exclusively. 

 Next to this Cistus occurs most plentifully PAeY/yrea angustifoUa, L., 

 Rosmarinus officinalis, L., and Helianthemum glutinosum ?, less ive- 

 qaent Adenocarpus Telonensis, Gay, Cistus crispus, C. albidus, C. mons- 

 peliensis, Erica arhorea, Genista ramosissima, Daphne Gnidium, 

 Pistacia Terebinthus and others. On the northern and eastern slopes 

 of the valleys occurs especially Arbutus Unedo, L., and on the banks 

 of the rivulets and rivers Nerium Oleander, Pistacia Lentiscus, Saline 

 cinerea, L., Rosa canina andi^M^i, interlaced with wild vines. Of trees, 

 there grow luxuriantly on this formation and very plentifully, Quercus 

 Ilex, Qu. Ballota, the first most frequently of shrubby growth, and in 

 the eastern part of the mountain- chain Qu. Suber. The following are 

 to be regarded as trees peculiar to this formation : Fraxinus excelsior, 

 L., Acer monspessulanum, L., and Alnus glutinosa, L., which however 

 occur only in the deep river- valleys, as for example in the valley of 

 the Rio Magafia which runs through the Puerto de Despeiiaperros, 

 in the valleys of the Rio Cuzua and Guadabarbo in the province of 

 Cordoba, and in the valleys of the Gala Ribera, Huelva Ribera and 

 Rio Tinto in the province of Huelva : — in addition, Phillyrea media, 

 L., which I have met with only in two places in the valley of the 

 Guadalea, between S. Estaban del Puerto and Aldea Quemada, and 

 in the valley of the Huelva Ribera. Of shrubby plants, Cistus lau- 

 rifolius, L., and Helianthemum atriplicifolium, W., which occur be- 

 tween the two river- valleys of the Cuzua and Guadabarbo, alone ap- 

 pear to be peculiar to this formation. Finally the gray wacke formation 

 possesses a portion of herbaceous plants, mostly rock-plants, as for 

 example Digitalis Mariana, 'Boi^z., clearly distinguished by its white 

 woolly leaves and other characters from D. purpurea, and Brassica 

 longirostris, Boiss., which grow luxuriantly on almost all the rocks 

 of this formation, but most frequently and abundantly on the colossal 

 rocks of the celebrated Puerto de Despeiiaperros. Here occur more- 

 over Jasione foliosa, Cav., forming thick beds, /. montana, L., C/m- 

 bilicus hispidus, DC, V. pendulinus, DC, Sedum amplexicaule, DC, 

 Trixago Apula, Erysimum canescens. Roth., Lychnis dioica, L., two 

 pinks, one with capitate flowers, Phagnalon Lagasca, DC, Rumex 

 pulcher, L., Poterium mauritanicum, Boiss., Campanula Rapunculus, 

 L., Ruscus aculeatus, L., Geranium lucidum, L., &c. In addition 

 throughout the eastern and central graywacke chain occurs very fre- 

 quent the pretty Eryngium tenue, Lam., which was apparently already 

 off flower, as most of the above-named rock-plants had long been. 

 On the margins of streams I observed frequent Hypericum baticum, 

 Boiss., and H. perforatum, L. 



2. Granite formation. — This is characterized by its extraordinary 

 sterility, and is covered partly with extensive forests of Quercus Ilex 

 and Qu. Ballota^ partly with a very poor and sparing underwood, for 

 the most part of shrubby Qu. Ilex, mingled with Cistus ladaniferus, 

 Phillyrea angustifoUa and Arbutus Unedo. Characteristic of this 

 formation are Retama sphcerocarpa, Boiss., and a Pyrus (P. eriopleura ? 

 Rchb.). In the environs of the numerous villages lying in this 

 barren and dry high table-land I observed Verbena supina, Clus*, 



