FAMILY FALCONID.E. HAWKS, FALCONS, EAGLES, ETC. 167 



Fourth outer primary, decidedly notched ; under surface of outer primaries, not 

 heavily barred with dark brown and white; tail, less than 9.50; upper 

 surface of tail, with distinct white bars. Red shouldered Hawk. 



Buteo lineatus, and races. 

 See No. 275. 



Under surface of primaries, heavily barred with dark brown and white ; wing, 

 under 11.50. Cooper's Hawk. 



Accipiter cooper i. 

 See No. 267. 



Belly, white, without streaks or bars. Short=tailed Hawk. 



Butc.o brachyurus. 

 See No. 279. 



Belly, black; general plumage, black (black phase). Short=tailed Hawk. 



Buteo brachyurus. 

 See No. 279. 



Group 4. Wing, 13 to 15 inches long. 



Section 1. Second primary, longest; first and second 

 primaries, emarginate, or notched. 



Length, always under 19; primaries, hoary gray, without bands 



White-tailed Kite. 



Elanus leucurus. 

 See No. 262. 



First primary, pale brown, with numerous bands oil inner web; length, usually 

 under 19 (some females are longer). Prairie Falcon. 



Falco mcxicanns. 



See No.290. 

 Length, always over 19 ; under tail coverts, spotted, or washed with dusky. 



Gray Qyrfalcon. 



Falco rusticolus, and races. 

 See No. 287. 



Length, always over 19; under tail coverts, white, without spots. White Qyrfalcon. 



Falco islandus. 

 See No. 286. 



Section 2. Third primary, longest ; face, bare. 



Basal portion of tail, white, barred with black, or brown ; end of tail, black. 



Audubon's Caracara. 



Polyborus cheriway. 

 See No. 297. 



