KEY TO FAMILIES. LAND BIRDS. 



143 



Part 2. First primary, more than half as long as third. 



Toes, four, hind toe not elevated above the rest; nostril, opening into a soft fleshy mem- 

 brane; tarsus, usually shorter than the toes. 



Family COLUflBID/E. Pigeons and Doves. 



See page 155. 



Toes, four, the hind toe elevated above the rest; bill, rather short and stout; Aviug. short 

 and somewhat rounded, the outer primaries curved. 



235 



Family TETRAONID/C. Grouse and Quail. 



(a) Tarsus feathered; wing, over 5.50 inches long. 



Subfamily TETRAONIN/E. Grouse. 



(6) Tarsus, bare ; wing, less than 5.50 inches long. 



Subfamily PERDICIN/C. Partridges. Quail. 



See page 149. 



Foot, small and weak ; front toes, sometimes webbed at base ; primaries, ten ; month, large ; 

 bill, very =m:ill, in comparison with size of bird; middle toe nail, with comb-like edge. 



Family CAPRIMULGID>e. Whippoor wills, Night-hawks, etc. 



See page 198. 



