8 CONTENTS. 



FAMILY LARID.E. GULLS AND TERNS ...... 43, 288 



SUBFAMILY LARIN^E. GULLS 43, 289 



SUBFAMILY STERNIN.E. TERNS . 47, 297 



FAMILY ANHINGID.E. DARTERS, SNAKE BIRDS .... 50, 307 



FAMILY PHALACROCORACID^E. CORMORANTS 51, 308 



FAMILY PELECANID^E. PELICANS . 52, 311 



FAMILY FREGATID.E. MAN-OF-WAR BIRDS 53, 314 



INDEX TO KEY TO FAMILY ANATID.E .... . . 54 



FAMILY ANATID^E. DUCKS, GEESE, AND SWANS . . . 56, 316 



SUBFAMILY MERGING. MERGANSERS, SHELDRAKES . . 56, 316 



SUBFAMILY ANATIN^;. RIVER AND POND DUCKS . . 58, 319 



SUBFAMILY FULIGULIN.E. BAY AND SEA DUCKS . . 62,331 



SUBFAMILY ANSERINE. GEESE ....... 71, 347 



SUBFAMILY CYGNIN^E. SWANS . . . . . . . 73, 354 



FAMILY PLATALEID.E. SPOONBILLS . 75, 357 



FAMILY IBIDID^S. IBISES 76, 358 



FAMILY CICONIID^E. STORKS AND WOOD IBISES ..-.-. . 77, 360 



FAMILY ARDEID.E. HERONS, EGRETS, AND BITTERNS . . 78, 362 



FAMILY GRUID^. CRANES 84, 375 



FAMILY ARAMID.E. COURLANS, LIMPKINS 85, 379 



FAMILY RALLID.E. RAILS, GALLINULES, AND COOTS . . 86, 380 



SUBFAMILY RALLIN.E. RAILS . . ' . . . . . . 87, 381 



SUBFAMILY GALLINULIN^;. GALLINULES . . - . . . 89, 386 



SUBFAMILY FULICIN.E. COOTS 89,387 



FAMILY PHALAROPODIDVE. PHALAROPES * . " . . . . 93, 389 



FAMILY RECURVIROSTRID.E. AVOCETS AND STILTS ... 95, 392 



INDEX TO KEY TO FAMILY SCOLOPACID^E ..... 91 



FAMILY SCOLOPACID.E. SNIPES, SANDPIPERS, CURLEWS, ETC. 96, 395 

 FAMILY CHARADRIID^E. PLOVERS . . . . .. -. . .m, 425 



FAMILY APHRIZID^;. TURNSTONES . . . . . . .114, 430 



INDEX TO KEY TO FAMILIES. LAND BIRDS .... 115 



KEY TO FAMILIES OF LAND BIRDS ....... 117 



GROUP i. Birds having wings less than 1.75 inches long; 

 measured bend of wing (carpus) to tip of longest 



feather . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 



GROUP 2. Birds having wings 1.75 to 2.75 inches long . 117 

 Section i. First primary, less than half as long as 



third . . . , ........ . . . 117 



Part i. Tip of upper mandible with small but 



distinct hook or notch r 117 



Part 2. Upper mandible without notch or hook 



at tip . . 118 



