AUGUST, 1916. NEW SOUTH AMERICAN BIRDS CORY. 343 



tail markings, especially the middle feathers. The type also agrees 

 with adults in lacking the buffy marking on the nape, which is present 

 in young birds of luteiventris. 



Myiarchus tyrannulus pallescens subsp. nov. 



Type from Jua, Ceara, Brazil. Adult male, No. 48803, Field 

 Museum of Natural History. Collected by R. H. Becker, August 21, 



Similar to M. t. tyrannulus, but belly somewhat paler yellow and 

 breast much paler ashy; throat ashy white, the middle portion almost 

 white. Back much paler than in M. t. bahia, and more grayish olive 

 than in M. t. tyrannulus; outer tail feather with a very faint trace of 

 pale rufous bordering the inner web. 



Wing, 92; tail, 90; bill, 20 mm. 



Pachyrhamphus niger tobagensis subsp. nov. 



Type from Tobago Island, West Indies. Adult male, No. 21016, 

 Field Museum of Natural History. Collected by W. W. Brown, May 

 9, 1892. 



Intermediate in coloration between P. n. niger and P. n. cinereiven- 

 tris; darker than the latter (compared with specimens from Santa Marta, 

 Colombia and northern Venezuela) and much more grayish (less 

 blackish) on the under parts than P. n. niger. 



Wing, 76; tail, 60; bill, 13 mm. 



The female is paler and more grayish than the females of either niger 

 or cinereiventris and the wing coverts are tipped with white. 



For many years I have been satisfied that the Tobago form of this 

 bird should be subspecifically separated from birds from Trinidad and 

 the mainland, but having only a single female I hesitated to do so. An 

 examination of a male, however, still further confirms my belief, and on 

 comparing it with large series of typical P. n. niger and P. n. cinerei- 

 ventris I am convinced that the Tobago bird is worthy of subspecific 

 recognition. 



Polioptila livida cearensis subsp. nov. 



Type from Jua, near Iguatu, Ceara, Brazil. Adult male, No. 49127, 

 Field Museum of Natural History. Collected by R. H. Becker, August 



Approaches nearest to P. I. leucogaster in coloration of upper parts 

 and head marking, but throat and under parts are white, tinged with 



