372 FIELD MUSEUM or NATURAL HISTORY ZOOLOGY, VOL. X. 



Distal. Remote from the point of attachment. 



Dorsal. Pertaining to the back. 



Dorsal fin. The fin on the median line of back. 



Emarginate. Slightly notched at the end. 



Falcate. Scythe-shaped; long, narrow and curved. 



Fauna. The animals inhabiting any one region, taken collectively. 



Filament. Any slender or thread-like structure. 



Filiform. Thread form. 



Fontanel. An opening between the bones of the skull. 



Foramen. A hole or opening. 



Frontal bone. Anterior bone on top of head, usually paired. 



Fusiform. Spindle shaped; tapering toward both ends. 



Gape. Opening of the mouth. 



Gill-arches. The bony arches to which the gills are attached. 



Gill-openings. Openings reaching to or from the gills. 



Gill-rakers. A series of bony projections placed along the inner edge 



of the gill arch. 



Gills. Organs for breathing the air contained in water. 

 Haemal spine. The lowermost projection of a caudal vertebra. 

 Incisors. Cutting teeth, usually in front of jaws. 

 Interorbital. Space between the orbits or eyes. 

 Isthmus. The region between the lower part of the gill-openings. 

 Keeled. Having a ridge along the median line. 

 Lamellae. A thin plate, layer or process. 

 Larva. The immature form. 

 Lateral. Referring to the side. 

 Lateral line. A series of mucus pores along the side of the fish and 



containing sense organs. 

 Mandible. The lower jaw. 

 Marbled. Variegated; clouded. 

 Maxillaries. The outermost bones of the upper jaw, joined to the pre- 



maxillaries in front, and usually extending farther back than^the 



latter. 



Nape. The back of the neck. 

 Nares. Nostrils. 



Nasal. Pertaining to the nostrils. 

 Nuchal. Referring to the nape. 

 Obsolete. Poorly developed; scarcely evident. 

 Obtuse. Blunt. 



Occipital. Relating to the occiput. 

 Occiput. The back of the head. 

 Ocellated. Having an ocellus or ocelli. 



