442 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY ZOOLOGY, VOL. XI. 



readily force their way through the tough sod, but excavate their 

 burrows immediately beneath. Late in the autumn, when the ground 

 becomes frozen to the depth of two or three inches, the Moles sink 

 their galleries into the soft earth below, and as winter advances they 

 doubtless continue to deepen them sufficiently to avoid the frozen 

 ground."* 



Audubon and Bachman say: "In a few localities where we were 

 in the habit, many years ago, of obtaining the Star-nosed Mole, it 

 was always found on the banks of rich meadows near running streams. 

 The galleries did not run so near the surface as those of the common 

 Shrew Mole. We caused one of the galleries to be dug out, and ob- 

 tained a nest containing three young, apparently a week old. The 

 radiations on the nose were so slightly developed that until we carefully 

 examined them we supposed they were the young of the common Shrew 

 Mole. The nest was spacious, composed of withered grasses, and 



Map illustrating supposed range of the Star-nosed Mole (Condylura cristata) in eastern North 



America. 



* Mamm. Adirondack Reg., 1886, p. 146. 



