i; s Field Museum of Natural History — Anth., Vol. XII. 



In addition to those just mentioned Governor Bolton gives the 

 following list of spirits known to the Mandaya of the Tagum river 

 valley. None of these were accepted by the people of Mayo district. 

 According to rank they are Mangkokiman, Mongungyahn, Mibucha 

 Andepit, Mibuohn, and Ebu — who made all people from the hairs 

 of his head. 



For the neighboring Mangwanga he gives, Likedanum as the creator 

 and chief spirit, Dagpudanum and Macguliput as gods of agriculture, 

 and Manamoan — a female spirit who works the soil and presides over 

 childbirth. All of these are unknown to the Mandaya of the Pacific 

 coast. 



While in the Salug river valley Governor Bolton witnessed a most 

 interesting ceremony which, so far as the writer is aware, is quite 

 unknown to the balance of the tribe. His quotation follows: "One 

 religious dance contained a sleight of hand performance, considered 

 by the people as a miracle, but the chiefs were evidently initiated A 

 man dressed himself as a woman, and with the gongs and drums beaten 

 rapidly he danced, whirling round and round upon a mat until weak 

 and dizzy, so that he had to lean on a post. For a time he appeared 

 to be in a trance. After resting a few minutes he stalked majestically 

 around the edge of the mat, exaggerating the lifting and placing of 

 his feet and putting on an arrogant manner. After walking a minute 

 or two he picked up a red handkerchief, doubled it in his hand so that 

 the middle of the kerchief projected in a bunch above his thumb and 

 forefinger; then he thrust this into the flame of an almaciga torch. 

 The music started anew and he resumed his frantic dance until the flame 

 reached his hand when he slapped it out with his left hand, and stopped 

 dancing; then catching the kerchief by two corners he shook it out 

 showing it untouched by fire. The daughter of Bankiaoan next went 

 into a trance lying down and singing the message of Tagbusau and 

 other gods to the assemblage. The singing was done in a small inclosed 

 room, the singer slipping in and out without my seeing her." 



The letters of Pedro Rosell written at Caraga in 1885 contain many 

 references to the duties of the ballyan. In one account he records the 

 following song which he says is sung by the priestesses when they 

 invoke their gods Mansilatan and Badla. 1 



"Miminsad, miminsad si Mansilatan 

 Opod si Badla nga magadayao nang dumia 

 Bailan, managiinsayao, 

 Bailan, managunliguiL" 



1 Blair and Robertson, Vol. XLIII, pp. 217-21, and Vol. XII, p. 270 



