200 Field Museum of Natural History — Anth., Vol. XII. 



CONCLUSION 



From the material now at our disposal certain general conclusions 

 can be drawn. 



A comparison of the physical measurements indicates that no group 

 is of pure race. There are significant variations between members of 

 different tribes, but these occur also between individuals of the same 

 village. The average person in each group is short-headed, yet long- 

 headed individuals are found in every tribe and variations just as great 

 as this appear in the other measurements and observations. 



We have previously noted the evidences of an aboriginal pygmy 

 population, that has been partially absorbed by intermarriage with the 

 later comers. 1 In all the groups, except the Bila-an, the percentage of 

 individuals showing evidences of Negrito blood increases as we go from 

 the coasts toward the interior, until in such divisions as the Obo and 

 Tigdapaya of the Bagobo, and the Tugauanum of the Ata, practically 

 all the people show traces of this admixture. 



In addition to the types already described there are found in each 

 tribe individuals who in all but color might readily pass as white men. 

 These persons freely intermarry with the rest of the population, and 

 it is no uncommon thing to find in one family children of this sort as 

 well as those showing Negrito characteristics or those conforming to 

 the average type. 2 



The facts indicate that the tribes now found in Davao District 

 did not reach the coasts of Mindanao at the same time, but rather that 

 they represent several periods of migration, of which the Kulaman is 

 the last. This tribe, which only a few generations ago seems to have 

 been made up of seafarers, has not yet entirely adapted itself to a 

 settled existence and it is only within the lifetime of the present genera- 

 tion that its members have taken seriously to agriculture. 



It appears that the Bila-an once inhabited the district about Lake 

 Buluan, but the pressure of the Moro has forced most of them from that 

 region toward the mountains to the south and east. They have taken 

 possession of both sides of this mountain range, except for the lower 

 eastern slopes where they have encountered the Tagakaolo. 



The other tribes probably landed on the southern or southeastern 

 coast of the Island, from whence they have gradually moved to their 

 present habitats. 



1 Negrito are reported from the Samal Islands in the Gulf of Davao. 



2 This will be discussed in a forthcoming publication on Physical Types. That 

 paper will present a full series of measurements accompanied by photographs, 

 including the Bukidnon of North Central Mindanao in which tribe this type is more 

 frequently seen than in Davao District. 



