198 FLORA OF JAMAICA Castela 



posed of 4 carpels cohering at the apex; styles 4, short, united 

 below, recurved and stigmatic above ; ovules solitary in each 

 cell. Drupes 1-4, fleshy ; endocarp hard, brittle. Seed attached 

 laterally at the middle or near the base (C. macropliylla) of the 

 cell ; endosperm scanty or wanting (C. macroplnjlla] ; cotyledons 

 thick, plano-convex. 



Species 11, natives of Central America, tropical S. America, 

 and Jamaica. 



C. maerophylla Urb. Synib. Ant. v. 377 (1908). Castelaria 

 macrophylla Small in JV. Amer. Fl. xxv. 232 (1911). (Fig. 63.) 



Long Mountain, 900 ft. ; common on Great Goat Is. ; hill behind Ferry 

 Quarry, 200 ft. ; Harris \ Fl. Jam. 9219, 9347, 9343, 10,047 ; Little Goat 

 Is., Britton & Hollick, 1843 ! 



Shrub 2-8 ft. high ; spines, when present, axillary, 2-3 mm. 1. Leaves 

 narrowly or broadly elliptical, sometimes oblanceolate, 2-6 cm. 1. ; nerves 

 and veins slightly prominent, reticulate, glabrous on the upper surface, 

 minutely puberulous beneath. Flowers subsessile ; male, several on very 

 short reduced axillary shoots ; female, 2-4, axillary or on a short axillary 

 branch; pedicels 2-3 mm. 1. in fruit. Calyx about '7 mm. 1., hairy. 

 Petals pink, elliptical, concave, 3 mm. 1. Drupe bright scarlet, ellipsoidal- 

 compressed, shortly beaked at the apex, 1-1 '5 cm. 1. 



3. SIMARUBA Aubl. 



Trees. Leaves alternate, pinnate with or without an odd 

 leaflet ; leaflets mostly alternate, entire. Panicles axillary and 

 terminal. Flowers small, direcious or monoecious. Calyx 5-lobed. 

 Petals 5, imbricate. Disk villose. Male flowers: Stamens 10, 

 inserted at the base of the disk, included ; filaments with a short 

 scale at the base inside. Female flowers : Staminodes scale- 

 like. Ovary 5-cleft ; styles united ; stigmas spreading or 

 recurved. Ovules solitary. Drupes 1-5, on the enlarged 

 receptacle. Cotyledons fleshy. 



Species 6, natives of tropical eastern America and the West 

 Indies. 



S. glauea DC. Ann. Mus. Par. xvii. 424 (1811); Planch, in 

 Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. v. 567; Griseb. Fl. Br. W. Ind. 139; 

 Engl. in Fl. Bras. xii. pt. 2, 224; Sarg. Silv. i. 91, t. 38, 39; 

 Small in N. Amer. FL xxv. 228. S. oflacinalis Macf. Jam. i. 198 

 (non DC.) ; Urb. in Engl. Jalirb. xv. 304, 306. S. medicinalis 

 Endl. Medic. Pft. 528 (1842); Berg & Schmidt O/. Geiv. ii. 

 t. 13, f. Quassia Simaruba Wright in Trans. It. Soc. Edinb. 73, 

 i. (1790), reprinted in Mem. 308 (non Linn. f.}. (Fig. 64.) 



Bitter Damson, Bitter Dan, Mountain Damson, Stave 

 Wood. 



Wright ! Macfadyen ! St. Mary, McNab \ Prior \ March ! Mavis Bank, 

 J.P. 1053, 1286, Hart ! Robertsfield, 20CO ft. ; near Troy, 1400-2000 ft. ; 



