282 TURNERACEAE. 



1. Canella Winterana (L.) Gaertn. Fr. & Sem. 1: 373. 1788. 



Laurus Winterana L. Sp. PI. 371. 1753. 

 Winterana Canella L. Syst. Ed. 10. 1045. 1759. 

 CaneUa alia Murray, Syst. Veg. 443. 1784. 



A tree up to 10 m. high, usually much smaller, sometimes shrubby, the 

 trunk up to 2.5 dm. thick, the bark grey. Leaves oblanceolate or spatulate, 

 3-10 em. long, dark green and somewhat shining above, rather dull beneath, 

 rounded or obtuse at the apex, not prominently veined, the slender petioles 

 about 1 em. long; corymbs few-several-flowered; pedicels slender; sepals 

 reniform-orbicular, thick, about 3 mm. long, ciliolate; petals obovate, obtuse, 

 nearly twice as long as the sepals; stamen-tube 3-4 mm. long; anthers yellow; 

 berry crimson or nearly black, about 1 cm. in diameter; seeds black. 



White-lands, scrub-lands and thickets, Great Bahama, Andros, New Providence, 

 Eleuthera, Rum Cay, Atwood Cay, Long Island, Acklin's Island, Crooked Island and 

 Little Inagua : Florida and the West Indies. Canella. Wild Cinnamon. White- 

 wood Bark. Cinnajion Bark. Catesby, 2 : pi. 50. 



Family 5. TURNERACEAE H.B.K. 



Turnera Family. 



< Herbs or shrubs, with alternate simple leaves mostly serrate and often 

 2-glandular at the base, the flowers regular, mostly perfect. Calyx-lobes or 

 sepals 5, imbricated. Petals 5, thin, convolute, fugacious. Stamens 5, 

 distinct, opposite the sepals; filaments compressed or subulate; anthers 

 oblong. Ovary superior, 1-celled, with 3 parietal placentae; styles 3, 

 filiform, simple or 2-clef t ; stigmas usually flabellate and many-cleft ; ovules 

 many, anatropous. Fruit a 1-celled capsule, partly or completely 3-valved. 

 Seeds foveolate, with fleshy endosperm and a membranous aril. Four 

 genera and about 80 species, of tropical and subtropical distribution. 



1. TURNERA L. Sp. PI. 271. 1753. 



Herbs or low shrubs, with toothed leaves and solitary axillary yellow 

 flowers, the peduncles often adnate to the petioles. Calyx 5-cleft. Petals 

 obovate to spatulate, borne on the calyx-throat. Stamens borne below the 

 petals, sometimes hypogynous. Ovary sessile; styles filiform; stigmas several- 

 many-cleft. Capsule 3-valved to the base, mostly many-seeded, the seeds borne 

 near the middle of the valves, oblong or eylindric, curved, the aril narrow. [In 

 honor of William Turner, herbalist, the "Father of English Botany," died 

 1568.] About 75 species, nearly all of tropical and subtropical America. Type 

 species: Turnera ulmifolia L. 



Calvx 5-fid or 5-partite ; styles penicellate, multifid ; capsule 3- 



valved above; leaves laree. 1. T. ulmifolia. 



Calvx 5-dentate ; stvles 6-fid at summit ; capsule 3-valved to the 



base ; leaves small. 2. T. diffusa. 



1. Turnera ulmifolia L. Sp. PL 271. 1753. 



Shrubby, erect, branched, 3-9 dm. high, more or less pubescent. Leaves 

 lanceolate to ovate-oblong, thin, short-petioled, 2-8 cm. long, serrate, acute 

 or acuminate at the apex, mostly narrowed at the 2-glandular base; peduncles 

 short; bractlets as long as or longer than the calyx; calyx deeply 5-lobed, its 



