452 CARDUACEAE. 



1. Ximenesia encelioides Cav. Icon. 2: 60. 1793. 



Verbesina encelioides Benth. & Hook.; A. Gray, Bot. Cal. 1: 350. 1876. 



Animal; stem densely puberulent, much branched; 3-6 dm. high. Leaves 

 deltoid-ovate or deltoid-lanceolate, thin, 5-10 cm. long, acuminate, acute or 

 blunt at the apex, coarsely dentate, or even laciniate, green and minutely 

 pubescent above, pale and densely canescent beneath, all alternate, or the lowest 

 opposite, narrowed at the base into naked or wing-margined petioles, which 

 are often provided with dilated appendages at the base; heads several or 

 numerous, 2.5-5 cm. broad; involucre hemispheric, about 12 mm. high, its 

 bracts lanceolate, canescent ; rays 12-15, bright golden yellow, 3-toothed ; 

 achenes of the disk-flowers obovate, winged, pubescent, their pappus of 2 subu- 

 late awns, those of the ray-flowers rugose, thickened, often wingless. 



Waste grounds, Eleuthera, Fortune Island. Great Ragged Island : southwestern 

 United States and Mexico; introduced into Key West (Florida), Cuba and Porto 

 Rico. Golden Crownbeard. 



24. SYNEDRELLA Gaertn. Fr. et Sem. 2: 456. 1791. 



Annual pubescent herbs, with opposite dentate petioled leaves, and small, 

 solitary or glomerate, axillary or terminal heads of radiate and discoid flowers. 

 Involucre oblong, of few bracts, the outer 1 or 2 foliaceous, the inner pale- 

 aceous. Receptacle small, the scarious narrow chaff subtending the disk- 

 flowers. Ray-flowers pistillate, with a filiform tube and a short 2-3-toothed 

 limb; disk-flowers perfect, the corolla tubular, 4-cleft. Ray-achenes com- 

 pressed, 2-winged, the wings produced into awns, those of the disk-flowers 

 narrower, 2-3-aristate. [Greek, referring to the clustered flower-heads.] Two 

 known species, natives of tropical America, the following typical. 



. 1. Synedrella nodiflora (L.) Gaertn. Fr. & Sem. 2: 456. 1791. 



Verbesina nodiflora L. Cent. PL 1: 28. 1755. 



Ucacou nodiflorum Hitchc. Rep. Mo. Bot. Gard. 4: 100. 1893. 



Stem appressed-pubescent above, glabrate below, rather widely branched, 

 3-8 dm. high. Leaves thin, ovate to elliptic, 3-10 cm. long, triplinerved, low- 

 serrate, acute at the apex, narrowed at the base into short margined petioles, 

 loosely appressed-pubescent above, rather densely appressed-pubescent beneath; 

 heads few or several together in nearly sessile, axillary or terminal clusters; 

 involucre about 8 mm. high, its 1 or 2 outer bracts pubescent, oblong-lanceo- 

 late, the inner narrower, glabrous; achenes 4-5 mm. long, those of the ray- 

 flowers with ascending marginal bristles and 2 short awns, those of the disk- 

 flowers with 2 subulate awns. 



Waste places, Abaco, New Providence and Crooked Island : Florida ; West In- 

 dies and continental tropical America. Nodeweed. 



25. SALMEA DC. Cat. Hort. Monsp. 140. 1813. 



Shrubs or woody vines, the branches terete or nearly so, the leaves oppo- 

 site and petioled. Heads small, corymbose, discoid. Involucre campanulate 

 or turbinate, its bracts appressed, imbricated in few series. Receptacle conic, 

 its scales enveloping the flowers. Flowers white, all perfect and fertile; 

 corollas with a narrowly campanulate or funnelform limb. Achenes laterally 

 compressed, mostly margined or narrowly winged. Pappus of 2 awns. [In 

 honor of Count Salm-Salm, patron of Palermo.] About 7 species, of Mexico 

 and the West Indies. Type species: Salmea Eupatoria DC. 



