THE CONSTRUCTION OF MANIKINS. 145 



Adult moose, male or female, and giraffe, inch. 



Bull bison, cow bison, horse, inch. 



^lale caribou, black-tail deer, and large mountain sheep, | 

 inch. 



Male Virginia deer, antelope, tiger, T \ inch. 



All these sizes, except the two largest, can be bent cold in a 

 strong vise. 



5. Having bent the irons to match the patterns, and to fit the 

 bones also, cut a long thread on each end of each rod, and fit 

 two large hexagonal nuts on each end so that they turn readily, 

 but not loosely. 



6. With soft but strong twine, or annealed wire, bind each leg 

 iron firmly to the leg bones from top to bottom. You may now 

 take a saw and cut off the upper third of the femur. 



7. During the course of the foregoing work, you have had a 

 blacksmith at work making your four iron squares (see previous 

 chapter) according to a hoop-iron pattern furnished by you, 

 and now they are ready to use in attaching the leg irons. 



8. Now comes the question of a centre board for the body. If 

 the animal is a dog, a small deer or antelope, a tiger, or any- 

 f/iing so small that you can reach around its body icith your arms, 

 make the body board as narrow as you please, or as wide as 

 the entire depth of the animal's body, if you choose. I think it 

 better to make it similar in proportions to that shown in the 

 accompanying illustration (Plato VII.) of the first stage of a 

 tiger manikin, in order that with a long "needle one can sew 

 through the body from side to side. It is well, for the same 

 reason, to cut a hole in the board, as shown, at a point opposite 

 the iliac region. I mounted this tiger with a decided curve in 

 the middle of his body, which obliged me to cut the centreboard 

 in two, and uuito the two parts again at an angle by means 

 of two bent pieces of iron screwed on either side. In most ani- 

 mals, however, this is unnecessary. The centre board need not 

 be over 1 of an inch in thickness in any save very large animals, 

 when it is best to have it 1| inch, or nearly that. It is best to 

 use dry white pine, because it is light and works easily. 



1). Lay the body board on your chalk outline, lay the iron legs 

 in position, put the squares down and mark the place where the 

 bolt for each pair should pass through. Bore the holes, bolt on 

 10 



