198 bulletin: museum of comparative zoology. 



Goniocidaris tubaria. 



Cidarites tubaria Lamarck, 1816, Anim. s. Vert , 3, p. 57. 

 Goniocidaris tubaria Liitken, 1864, Bid. Kund. Ech., p 137. 



Plate 10, fig. 5. Plate 11. 



Of this well-known species, nothing further need be said than that it seems to 

 be perfectly distinct from geranioides, although the color (light yellowish, red, or 

 deep brownish-red) is the same as that of many specimens of the latter. The 

 geographical range of this species is Tasmania and northward along the east coast 

 of Australia ; a specimen labelled " Goniocidaris geranioides ? East India " is in 

 the collection of the M. C Z. 



Goniocidaris umbraculum. 



Goniocidaris umbraculum Hutton, 1878, Trans. N. Z. Inst., 11, p. .306. 



Plate 10, figs. 3 and 4. 



This is the New Zealand representative of the preceding species, and so far as 

 can be determined from the three specimens at hand, is well entitled to specific 

 rank. The bright green color of the test and the larger number of coronal plates 

 (10, as against 8 in tubaria of the same size) are good characters in addition to 

 those given in the key. 



Goniocidaris geranioides. 



Cidarites geranioides Lamarck, 1816, Anim. s. Vert., 3, p. 56. 



Goniocidaris geranioides Agassiz et Desor, 1846, Cat. Rais. Ann. Sci. Nat. (3), 6, 



p. 337. 



Plate lg, figs. 3, 4, Rev. Ech., A. Agassiz, 1873. 



Although this species is quite similar to tubaria in general appearance, the 

 differences between them seem very constant; in addition to those mentioned 

 above may be added the frequently darker color (nearly black) and the much less 

 thorny spines of geranioides. The geographical range appears to be the same. 



Goniocidaris florigera. 



Goniocidaris florigera A. Agassiz, 1881, Challenger Echini, p. 46. 



Plate 1, figs. 7-20, Challenger Ech., A. Agassiz, 18S1. 



This " Challenger " species from the East Indies shows the same extraordinary 

 variety in its primary spines which is seen in clt/peata, and it would be surprising 

 if the pedicellariae were not also variable. As I have no greater confidence in 

 the characters furnished by pedicellariae than I have in those which spines afford, 

 I can find no good reason for recognizing the genera and species based on the 

 " Challenger" material, which Mortensen (: 03) proposes : — Discocidaris serrata, 

 Schizocidaris assimiiis, and Petalocidaris florigera. Certainly if they are to be 



