ALLEN: DOGS OF THE AMERICAN ABORIGINES. 497 



Arizona for the Peabody Museum, were the dessicated remains of 

 two dogs with human burials of an age apparently antedating the 

 culture of the Cliff Dwellers. One of these dogs is small, about the 

 size of a Fox-terrier but more compactly and heaxily built, with a 

 shorter head, erect ears, and longer tail. It still shows a black and 

 white pattern, with a narrow median white line from nose to fore- 

 head, a white chin, throat, and lielly, a white collar, white feet, and 

 tail tip. Much of the body is black. In the length of the limb-bones 

 and pelvis as nearly as can be determined from careful study of the 

 dried and mummified specimen, it corresponds exactly with Pachy- 

 cyon. By making incisions through the dried tissue at the elbow, it 

 was possible to lay bare the olecranal cavity above the joint where 

 the large perforation is usually present. It was found that in the 

 right humerus a small perforation was present, about 3 mm. in diam- 

 eter, while in the left humerus there were merely two small pores side 

 by side. The animal was young, still retaining a milk incisor, and so 

 it is likely that had it been as old an individual as the one whence the 

 type-bones of Pachycyon were derived, these foramina would have 

 ossified completely, perhaps leaving, as in the type-humerus, a shallow 

 pit in the posterior side of the olecranal fossa, as an indPcation of the 

 foniier perforation. So complete is the correspondence of the bones 

 of Pachycyon with those of this prehistoric dog of Arizona that they 

 may be unhesitatingly pronounced those of a similar if not identical 

 breed of Indian dog. 



Not less interesting is a comparison of the humerus of Pachycyon 

 with a humerus figured by Nehring (18S4b, Plate 118, fig. 4, 4a) from 

 a mummified dog exhumed with human-mmnmies in the ancient 

 necropolis of Ancon, Peru. In measurements, there is practical 

 identity as shown in the following table (the measurements of the 

 Ancon humerus are taken directly from Nehring's figure, of natural 

 size) : — 



Pachycyon Ancon 



Greatest length of humerus 97 mm. 97 mm. 



Greatest diameter through head of humerus 31 . 5 29 . 5 



Transverse " " " " " 21 24 



Transverse diameter 6i distal end of same 25 25 



Nehring's figure shows substantially the same type of thick stout 

 humerus, and as he remarks, has the further peculiarity of lacking 

 any trace of perforation of the olecranon fossa. It should be added 

 that the humerus, shown in his figiu-e is nevertheless \ery slightly 



