ALLEN: DOGS OF THE AMERICAN ABORIGINES. 



499 



Measurements of the Skull 



1 



16,356 

 Calif. 



Greatest length, occiput to median incisor 



(alveolus) 



Greatest length, edge of foramen magnum to 



median incisor 



Median incisor to edge of palate 



" " " orbit (anterior edge) 



" tn^ (alveolus) 



Canine " m^ " 



Premolars '"■' (alveoli) 



Length of premolar ^ 



Molars '~- (alveoli) 



Width of palate outside m.^ 



a n (1 u ,_:i 



Zygomatic width 



Mastoid width 



Width of occipital condyles 



Nasals, length 



138 



121 



68 

 54 



17 



56.5 



39 



85 



53 



31 



41 



In addition to the limb-measurements given on p. 497, the Arizona 

 mummy gives the following: — total length from tip of nose to tip of 

 tail following curve of back, 705 (circa); tail about 195; ulna 120 

 (circa); carpus to end of longest claw 90; ear about 60-70 mm. long 

 including hair; tail 195; femur 106 (circa); tibia 116 (circa); hind 

 foot 122. 



Rrmarks. — Although this type of dog seems to have been wide- 

 spread among the aborigines of southern North America and north- 

 eastern South America, it appears to have quite disappeared and is 

 not clearly identifiable in any of the accounts of the early writers. 

 Mr. Guernsey's discovery of a well-preserved mummy in a burial of 

 considerable age in Arizona, has confirmed my previous identification 

 of the Virginia bones of Pachycyon w'ith those of Nehring's short- 

 limbed dog-mummy of Ancon. The cranium is characterized by its 

 breadth and stoutness, its shortened snout and high forehead, gently 

 convex dorsal profile of the brain-case, and the small teeth (upper 

 carnassial 16-17 mm.). The Calif ornian crania agree substantially 

 in every detail. Probably this is the same dog that Moore (1907, 

 p. 423) disco\ered in Indian mounds on Crystal River, west Florida, 

 of which Lucas observed, " the front of cranium of carnivore and jaws, 



