Introduction of Glazes into China 143 



perceived even in broad daylight. 1 When the ancient Chinese litera- 

 ture on alchemy shall have become as accessible as the Greek, Arabic, 

 and European records of this ancient science, the subject in question 

 will doubtless receive further elucidations. 



While liu-li was imported into China from the Hellenistic Orient 

 over the established trade-routes across Central Asia, and from Kash- 

 mir, another source of supply was represented by Cambodja, which, 

 as we know, was in intimate commercial relations with India, and 

 received from there the products and merchandise of western Asia. 

 In the Calendar or Chronological Tables of the Country of Wu (Wu li 

 z%: M), by Hu Ch'ung #3 #, 2 it is on record that in the fourth year of 

 the period Huang- wu St ^ (a.d. 225), Fu-nan #c $J (Cambodja) and 

 other foreign countries sent envoys to China with gifts of liu-li. 3 Ac- 

 cording to another version of the same text, this event would have 

 taken place in the period Huang-lung iff ft (2 29-23 1). 4 This text 

 contains the mention of the first embassy from Fu-nan (Cambodja) 

 to China, and allows us to infer that liu-li was found there in the begin- 

 ning of the third century and transmitted to China. Another allusion 

 to the presence of liu-li in the countries south of China is encountered 

 in the Kuang chi Ht iS, written by Kuo I-kung IP H # under the 

 Liang dynasty (502-556), where it is said that liu-li is a product of 

 Huang-chi If % 6 Se-tiao #f ^, 6 Ta Ts'in, and Ji-nan & (Annam). 

 Finally liu-li was sent also to China from Central India under the 

 Liang dynasty (502-556) ? 



Our most important witnesses certainly are the numerous specimens 

 of Han mortuary pottery glazed in the most varied shades of green 



1 T'u shu tsi ch'eng, under liu-li. 



1 Pelliot, Bull, de I'Ecole francaise, Vol. IV, p. 391. 



* Yuan kien lei han, Ch. 364, p. 31. 



4 T'ai p'ing yii Ian, Ch. 808, p. 4 b. Compare also Pelliot, Le Fou-nan {Bull, 

 de I'Ecole francaise, Vol. Ill, p. 283). The Wu dynasty, one of the Three Kingdoms 

 (san kuo), reigned from 222 to 280. 



6 Presumably on the Malay Peninsula (see Chinese Clay Figures, p. 80, note 2). 

 Liu-li is also enumerated among the tribute-gifts sent from Huang-chi to the Chinese 

 Court (T'ai p'ing huan yii ki, Ch. 176, p. 2 b). Pi-liu-li is mentioned as an article 

 of Huang-chi as early as the Han period (Ts'ien Han shu, Ch. 28 b, p. 17). 



6 Probably Java (T'oung Pao, 1915, pp. 351, 373). In the latter passage I 

 mentioned a plant mo-ch'u as growing in Se-tiao. M. G. Ferrand, Consul General 

 of France in New Orleans, has been good enough to write me that this Chinese tran- 

 scription corresponds to Javanese mo jo, the designation of the tree Aegle marmelos, 

 and that the emendation of Se-tiao into Ye-tiao.is thus assured, and the identification 

 of Ye-tiao with Java becomes a definite result. M. Ferrand himself will soon report 

 about this ingenious discovery. 



7 Liang shu, Ch. 54, p. 8. 



