July, 191 2. Chinese Pottery. 31 



to me whether any such sting adhered to the name in the beginning. 

 In the ancient Chinese texts, the Man tribes are frequently spoken of 

 with dignity and respect, and Chinese authors do not shun to admit 

 many cultural elements which the Chinese owed to them. The term 

 Man may occasionally be used contemptuously, — and in what com- 

 munity would an extratribal name not be turned to such an occasional 

 use? — but this certainly does not mean that a stigma is implied in each 

 and every case. In the Chinese accounts of the conflicts with the 

 Spaniards on the Philippines, the Spaniards are sometimes entitled Man 

 instead of their usual name, because the chronicler gives vent to his 

 exasperation at their outrages, and there, it is doubtless intended for 

 savages. 1 The Japanese adopted from the Chinese the term Nan-Man 

 or Namban and applied it first to all foreign regions south of their home 

 (with the exception of China), its meaning being simply "foreign tribes 

 of the south" or "southern foreigners" including Formosa, the Philip- 

 pines, the Malayan Archipelago, Malacca, and the two Indias. Sub- 

 sequently, it was transferred also to the Portuguese, Spaniards and 

 Dutch who made their first appearance in the southern waters, and it 

 finally assumed the general meaning "foreign," especially in connection 

 with foreign products, like namban kiwi ''foreign millet," i. e. maize, 

 namban tetsu, "foreign iron." The church built by the Jesuits at Kyoto 

 in 1568 and destroyed in 1588 after Hideyoshi's edict of proscription 

 was called Namban-ji, "Temple of the Foreigners." 



1 Laufer, The Relations of the Chinese to the Philippine Islands, pp. 262, 271, 

 276. (Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, Vol. L, Part 2, 1907.) 



