34 Field Museum or Natural History — Anth., Vol. XII. 



a row of round knobs, or water pitchers with black marks on the bottom 

 appear to be Formosan. I shall deal with this subject in a subsequent 

 book. Among Gohon x Mishima, there are Korean and Mishima. 

 Specimens called Kumo-tsuru Mishima 2 with good lustre and fine 

 writings are Amakawa. Mishima is merely a general designation. It 

 should be specified as Higaki 3 Mishima, Rei-pin 4 Mishima, Hana 5 

 Mishima, Hakeme 6 Mishima, Muji 7 Mishima. 8 



Among the Irapo 9 I tested the clay of Old Irapo with the brush- 

 mark {hakeme) Kukihori Genyetsu Irapo, 10 and found it to be Namban 

 clay. Its make-up is crooked {yugami), and it is hard like Korean. As 

 regards the name of the potter Genyetsu, he was usually called Kuki- 

 hori. 11 Writing the latter name with the Chinese characters for kugi 

 ("nail") and hori ("to carve") is of recent origin. Kukihori is the 

 name of a locality. His style is not limited to the Irapo, but some 

 of the Gohon 12 are like it. Considering a rice-bowl, 13 a confusion 

 with Korean ware is possible; in regard to tea-canisters (cha-ire), how- 

 ever, they are obviously Namban. The Genyetsu Irapo very seldom 

 go by the mark "made by Genyetsu" (Genyetsu-saku) . It is the same 

 case as with the Ki-Seto of Hakuan 14 under whose name originals and 



1 Gohon is the name of a pottery made in Korea at the instigation of Iyemitsu, 

 the third Shogun of the Tokugawa family (1623-49) which was imitated in the kilns 

 of Asahi in Yamashiro Province (T. Oueda, La ceramique japonaise, p. 89). Brink- 

 ley (p. 356) remarks that in the Asahi ware imitations are occasionally found of the 

 so-called Cochinchinese faience, but that they are rare and defective. This fact 

 may account for the above definition of Mishima. 



2 /. e. Mishima with clouds {kumo) and cranes (tsuru) ; also to be read Un- 

 kwaku in Sinico- Japanese pronunciation. According to Brinkley (p. 48), this 

 design was a favorite in the Korean celadons manufactured at Song-do. In all 

 probability, celadons are involved also in this case. 



3 Higaki means a hedge or fence (kaki) formed by the tree hi or hinoki, Thuya 

 obtusa. 



4 Evidently a transcription of the name Philippines, the first syllable being 

 dropped. Japanese lacks the sound / and substitutes r for it. 



5 /. e. flowery or decorated. 



6 Decorated with brush-work. 



7 Plain or undecorated. 



8 Here the term Hana Mishima is repeated, though occurring only in the pre- 

 ceding line. The book is somewhat carelessly written. 



9 The irapo were low-priced bowls serving in Korea for making offerings to the 

 dead on the cemeteries (T. Oueda, /. c, p. LVIII). 



10 /. e. an irapo bowl made by the potter Genyetsu from Kukihori. 



11 Written with Katakana signs. 



12 See above note I . 



13 Jap. chawan, lit. a tea-bowl, by which a large bowl to eat rice from is understood 

 at present, while a tea-cup is called cha-nomi-wan, "bowl for tea-drinking." 



14 The name of a potter in the latter part of the fifteenth century about whom 

 very little is known. Brinkley (p. 274) and Morse (p. 200) place him in the latter 

 part of the fifteenth century, Tokounosouke Oueda (p. 8) in the first half of the 

 seventeenth. His name is connected with the production of a yellow faience, the 



