The Philippine Forge Group 3 



beaten together. It often takes several firings to bring 

 about a perfect weld. 



After the initial shaping, the smith completes the 

 work with the small hammer, and the blade is again 

 inserted in the fire and brought to a white heat. Then 

 the smith withdraws it and watches it intently, until the 

 white tone begins to turn to a greenish-yellow, when he 

 plunges it into water. The tempered blade is now 

 smoothed down with sandstone, and is whetted to a keen 

 edge. Headaxes, spear heads, adzes, a few knives, and 

 the metal ends for the spear-shafts are the principal 

 products of the forge. 



The blades are by no means of equal temper or per- 

 fection, but the smiths of the Tinguian-Kalinga border 

 villages seldom turn out poor weapons and, as a result, 

 their spears and headaxes have a wide distribution over 

 northwestern Luzon. 



The material and data for this group were gathered 

 by F. C. Cole in connection with the Robert F. Cummings 

 Philippine Expedition during the years 1907-08. The 

 modeling is the work of Clyde Gardner. 



REFERENCES TO IRON-WORKING IN MALAYSIA 



Cole, Wild Tribes of Davao District, Mindanao (Field Museum of 

 Natural History, Anthropological Series, Vol. XII, No. 2, 

 pp. 82-83). 



Hose and McDougall, Pagan Tribes of Borneo, Vol. I, pp. 194-5. 



Raffles, History of Java, Vol. I, pp. 192-3. 



Mardsen, History of Sumatra, 3d ed., p. 181. 



Ferrais, Burma, p. 105. 



Rockhill, T'oung Pao, Vol. XVI, 1915, pp. 268-269. 



Blair and Robertson, The Philippine Islands, Vol. Ill, p. 299; 

 Vol. XL, p. 48. 



Beccari, Wanderings in the Great Forests of Borneo, pp. 282-283. 



F. C. Cole. 



[3] 



