a6 Field Columbian Museum — Anthropology, Vol. IV. 



A position similar to that of H6cheni was that held by Chedthea. 

 Her title in this position is Hathabesi (Upright-One). She has held 

 this office, during many previous ceremonies, and was chosen by the 

 old men of the Sweat-lodge society many years ago. It is her duty, 

 when called, to offer prayer, and especially to indicate that all is ready 

 for the next step. Thus, she says from time to time: "You shall do 

 well. Your Father will look upon you. Go ahead!" She is also 

 spoken of as Peace-Keeper. Her word is said to be good at all times, 

 and she never says anything unpleasant. She is also called Old- 

 Woman-Night, and she is supposed to see everything that moves in 

 the night, and is said to have, consequently, the ways of the Moon. 

 As H6cheni sees everything in the daytime and represents the Sun, so, 

 Chedthea, in the great drama, represents the Moon. 



In connection with Chedthea should be mentioned Bech^aye, the 

 wife of an Arapaho now dead, who when living, was a member, like 

 Hdcheni, of the Sweat-lodge society. Her husband was keeper of the* 

 straight-pipe, and on his death, gave it to her, asking her to preserve 

 it. Bech^aye formerly occupied the office of Chedthea. Her active 

 participation in the ceremony now is of course exceedingly slight, 

 being confined to the offering of prayer, from time to time. Also to 

 be mentioned in this group is Hisdthe (Good-Woman), widow of a 

 member of the Sweat-lodge society, and consequently present through- 

 out the ceremony. 



Second only to Hdcheni in importance among the participants is 

 Hdwkan. He may be regarded as the actual director of the ceremony. 

 He participated in two other ceremonies, as director, once with 

 Wdtanah, and the second time with Waakatani (Spotted-Bear); had he 

 been sick or absent on the occasion of the ceremony, Wdtanah or 

 Waakatani would have acted in his place. During the ceremony, 

 Hdwkan, in all his prayers and in his general attitude toward the cere- 

 mony, represents the entire Arapaho tribe, and is called Haseh^beiye 

 (Praying- or Offering-Old-Man). As his assistant during the cere- 

 mony, he had Waakatani, who performed numerous offices, generally 

 representing Hdwkan, but at no time taking the initiative. To be 

 mentioned also with Hdwkan and Waakatani are five individuals who 

 performed during the ceremony in virtue of the fact that they were 

 engaged in learning the actual routine of the performance, in order 

 that they might fit themselves for the position of director in future 

 ceremonies. These pupils were Watdngaa and his wife, Chanltoe, 

 Sdsoni, and Wadnibe (Grass-Singing). 



As Hdwkan is the general director of the ceremony, guiding the 



