May, 1903. The Arapaho Sun Dance — Dorsey. 129 



that the young man and his people should live as long as the world 

 should last. He then takes the pipe in his left hand, holding it by the 

 bowl, and rubs his right hand four times from one end of the pipe to 

 the other, beginning with the bowl and ending at the mouth of the 

 stem. He then passes the pipe to his right hand, and with his left 

 hand makes a similar motion four times. Then, holding the pipe 

 straight in front of him, he begins to rub the pipe with each hand 

 from the bowl to the end of the stem, the stem pointing toward him, 

 four times. The pipe is now ready to be returned to the owner. The 

 owner kneels in front of Hocheni, or stands by his side, while Hocheni 

 holds the pipe with both hands, shifting it from his right to his left 

 side twice. 



The various participants in the ceremony now place themselves in 

 proper position, ready to make preparations for the ceremony proper. 

 At the southeast corner and near the wall of the lodge were the grand- 

 fathers. Just in front and a little to their left, was the line of the 

 dancers with Thihduchhdwkan, the Lodge-Maker, on their right or 

 north end, and nearest the altar. In front of the altar and to the west 

 of the center-pole were the five more prominent priests in a semi- 

 circular line, H6cheni occupying the south end of the line, the other 

 four being Watdngaa, Waakatdni, Debithe, and Chanitoe. 



CEREMONIAL SMOKING, 1902. 



Although this rite has just been described at some length for the 

 performance of the preceding year, there were yet one or two points 

 noted in the second ceremony, which should be mentioned: Whereas, 

 in the 1901 performance, only Hocheni could perform certain rites 

 incidental to the ceremonial smoking, this privilege this year was pos- 

 sessed also, for reasons already given, by Nishchanakati and Hanake- 

 baah (Bull-Thunder.) 



Whereas all the dancers in the performance of 1901 carried pipes, 

 and each had his own grandfather, in the second performance, owing 

 to the large number of dancers, only certain ones or leaders, had pipes. 

 As each grandfather called for his pipe, the leading dancer of that group 

 would take his pipe to one of the three above-named priests, who re- 

 ceived it from the dancer and pointed with the bowl upright toward the 

 tree and toward the earth, having first removed from the pipe a small 

 pinch of tobacco, which he placed on the ground in front. He then held 

 the pipe with both hands with the stem on the ground, and held it in 

 this position until the dancer removed it. This the latter did by placing 

 his left hand over those of the priest upon the stem, rubbing his right 

 hand once down the right arm of the priest, grasping the right hand 



