150 Field Columbian Museum — Anthropology, Vol. IV. 



from the southwest side, the third from the northwest, and the fourth 

 from the northeast, Nishnat^yana making in the three last-named 

 corners of the bowl, a single movement with the pipe-stem. The 

 latter now moved the pipe-stem toward the center four times, being 

 accompanied with a pass of the ladle by Chanitoe. The latter took 

 up four ladlesful of water from the center of the kettle and added 

 them to the bowl. Watangaa then, without the accompanying move- 

 ments by Nishnat^yana, dipped from the four corners of the bowl 

 and from the center, and then, without regard to position in the 

 kettle, dipped from it until the bowl was filled as high as the level of 

 the two symbols on the east and west sides outside the bowl. Chanitoe, 

 with a white goose-feather, dipped into the bowl five times, beginning 

 with the southeast and ending in the center. The feather was 

 handed to Watangaa, who repeated the performance. Again Hawkan 

 laid the straight sage stem across the center of the bowl, from east to 

 west. Chanitoe poured from the thumb and forefinger of his right 

 hand dry, black paint, along the south side of the bowl next the sage 

 «tem, while Watangaa on the north side of the sage stem poured a line 

 •of red paint Chanitoe covered the entire south side of the liquid in 

 the bowl with black paint, while Watangaa covered the north half of 

 the liquid red. Hawkan removed the stem, and without formality, 

 thoroughly mixed the paint with the liquid. 



Hawkan arose, passed around in front of the cedar tree, and took 

 up the small forked stick with the sage symbol of the bird, and thrust 

 the stick in the ground on the west side of the bowl, the sage being so 

 turned that, had it been a bird, it would have looked upon the water. 

 Watdngaa now sat down just west of the bowl. Each of the priests, 

 with Hdwkan in the lead, approached the bowl from the south side, 

 knelt over it, while Watdngaa drew the feather across their mouths, as 

 has already been described. Each placed his lips to the water^ first 

 making a peculiar noise in imitation of geese and then took a sip of 

 .the liquid from the center of the bowl. 



THE SUNSET DANCE. 



The wives and relatives of the dancers now removed all clothing, 

 blankets, etc., from the lodge, whereupon the line of dancers and 

 priests (see Fig. i, Plate C), turned toward the west, and there began 

 the final period of dancing, to continue until the sun had disappeared 

 in the west. As the dancers faced the west they, with the priests of 

 the ceremony, formed in a semicircular line just back of and to the 

 east of the center-pole and facing west. (See Fig. 2, Plate C.) In 

 this line, beginning at the south, were Hdcheni, Debithe, Wanakdyl, 



