i6o Field Columbian Museum — Anthropology, Vol. IX. 



At the end of the dance, the two Arapaho, as usual, placed their 

 pipes and long willow poles by the side of the center-pole, and all the 

 dancers removed their wreaths of willow and the five bunches of 

 sage and deposited them at the foot of the center-pole and removed 

 their paint. 



THE FOURTH PAINT. 



Again the Chief Priest spat into the hands of the grandfathers for 

 the second paint of this day. Food was brought into the lodge and 

 the sacrifice followed. This time the Lodge-maker took five pieces 

 of meat, sacrificed one beneath each of the painted reach poles, begin- 

 ning with the one on the southeast, then the northwest, etc., and 

 finally a piece to the altar, thus feeding the four 

 medicine-spirits and the earth. Before Big-Baby 

 placed the robe upon the Lodge-maker for this 

 dance, the Lodge-maker got a coal with his 

 fire-spoon and placed it in front of his seat. Big- 

 Baby gave him a pinch of sweet-grass and he 

 made a circular motion with it and four passes 

 toward the coal and placed it on the coal. Over 

 the rising smoke he stooped, gathering his robe 

 about him to retain the incense ; thus uniting the 

 tribe. 

 Iljll Now began the dance. On account of the 



. intense heat the grandfathers labored over 



their men, blowing the "medicine" upon their 

 ^f • 95- Diagram of ^ hands, back, and head, shaking them, 

 lodge showing posi- i- i • r 



tions of sage ^^^ otherwise attemptmg to relieve their suf- 



fering. It was noticed at this time that of 

 the thirteen dancers who had held out until this morning, two had 

 left the lodge, so that at the beginning of this dance there were 

 but eleven of the original thirty-nine remaining, and of these two 

 were Arapaho. (See PI. LIII.) Nevertheless, the enthusiasm of 

 the ceremony at this time was at its height. The old men and 

 women at the drum shouted in their happiness, while other old 

 couples openly made love, to the immense satisfaction and amuse- . 

 ment of the crowd, which now was greater than at any time 

 during the ceremony. (See PI. LIV.) At the end of the dance 

 the dancers sat down. The two Arapaho placed their staffs behind 

 the altar. One of the Arapaho took his pipe to the assistant Chief 

 Priest who pointed the stem toward the four painted rafters, toward 

 the center-pole, to the fork, to the ground, to the buffalo skull, turned 



