THE ORAIBI SOYAL CEREMONY. 



SOYAL KIVA. 



Previous to the year 1900 the Soyal ceremony had been per- 

 formed in the Sakawdlanvi (Blue Flute) kiva, which up to that time 

 was universally recognized as the Monwi (Chief) kiva, inasmuch as 

 the village chief Loliilomai was identified with that kiva. But the 

 majority of the members of that kiva became Conservatives, and Lolii- 

 lomai with his followers withdrew to the Poiwvi (Circle) kiva, which 

 has ever since been denominated by Liberals as the Monwi kiva, and 

 there the Soyal ceremony has since been held. The Conservative 

 members of the Soyal fraternity have generally participated in the 

 celebration only in an indirect way, to be described later on. In 

 1897 they even had an independent performance of their own in the 

 Sakwdlanvi kiva with an improvised altar, to which the Liberal fac- 

 tion took very serious objection, and even asked in a most urgent 

 manner for the intervention of the missionary and of the government 

 agent ; the ground for intervention being their claim that that fac- 

 tion had no one entitled to act as chief priest, and hence the perform- 

 ance would be sacrilegious. 



CO-OPERATING KIVAS. 



Inasmuch as the members of certain kivas co-operate to a certain 

 extent in the celebration of the Soyal ceremony, their names are here 

 given. The part played by them in the ceremony will be described 

 in its proper place. These kivas are as follows : 



Kivas (1897).* Kivas (1899).! 



Wikolopi (Fold or Wrinkle). Wikohpi (Fold or Wrinkle). 



Hdno {Hdno, a Tafioan pueblo). Tdo (Singer). 



Tdo (Singer). Kwan (Agave). 



Hawiovi (Descending). Hawiovi (Descending). 



Katcina (Katcina). Hdno (-^««<7, a Tanoan pueblo). 



Kwan (Agave). Ndshabe (Central). 



Chua (Snake). 



Sakwdlanvi (Bine Flute). 



Ndshabe (Central). 



Ishawu (Coyote). 



* In 1893 all these kivas participated except the Katcina and Ishawu. 

 t In 1900 these six and the Ishkiva participated. 



II 



