i6 Field Columbian Museum — Anthropology, Vol. III. 



with native tobacco from which one after the other smoked, the pipe 

 making the round in a sinistral circuit and being handed back by the 

 last one in the line to Sh6khunyoma, who smoked a few more puffs, 

 then cleaned the. pipe and replaced it on the floor (See PI. IV), He 

 then picked up the tray, held it with both hands and uttered a prayer 

 over it, after which he took a pinch of meal from the tray, held it to 

 his lips and waving it from the six ceremonial directions placed it on 

 the center of the tray. He then handed the tray to the next man, 

 he to the next, and so on, each one going through exactly the same 

 performance as Shokhunyoma. When all were done it was handed 

 back to Shokhunyoma who placed it on the floor before him ; again he 

 filled the pipe, and all smoked and exchanged terms of relationship in 

 the same manner as they had done before. The tray was finally 

 handed to Lomankwa, the Chief Crier of the Liberal faction, who on 

 the next morning deposited the meal and nakwakwosis in a small 

 shrine on a certain house in Oraibi from which all announcements of 

 this nature are made, and then announced the fact that the great 

 Soyal ceremony was about to begin. This is the only instance the 

 authors are aware of that the crier did not deposit a baho^ and when 

 the attention of the men was drawn to this fact and the reason was 

 asked they said that a baho had been deposited when the Wowochim 

 ceremony had been announced. This, and the fact that on that occa- 

 sion the Soyal katcina (See PI. V) appears and brings the Soyal natsi 

 to the Ponovi kiva, and the further fact that only those who have be- 

 come members of the Wowochim, Kwan, Tao or AM fraternities on 

 the occasion of the important and complicated Woivochim ceremony, 

 can participate in the Soyal ceremony, indicates that there exists a 

 close relationship between the Wowochim and the Soyal celebrations. 

 But just what this relation is will be difficult to ascertain as long as 

 the first of these is not studied. As has been stated elsewhere, the 

 full Wowochim presentation has not taken place in Oraibi for many 

 years, and it is extremely doubtful whether it will ever again be given. 



SOYAL CEREMONY PROPER. 



First Day, Yunna (going in, Assembling.) 



At sunrise on this day the chief priest, Shokhunyoma, repairs to 

 the kiva with his ^«!/^^-making outfit, consisting of plume boxes, 

 sticks, cornmeal, cotton string, various herbs, and the Soyal natsis 

 which he brings from the house of his sister Punnanomsi. A supply 



