List of Illustrations. 



Opp. Page 

 VII. Jade and Bronze Chisels of Chou Period, from Shensi Province . 38 

 Fig. 1. Jade Chisel, a Front, b Side-view. Cat. No. 118001. 

 Fig. 2. Bronze Chisel for Comparison with Stone Type. Cat. 

 No. 1 16723. 

 VIII. Jade Chisel and Knife of Chou Period, from Shensi Province. 



Cat. Nos. 116510, 1 16508 39 



IX. Jade Dagger, probably Shang Period, from Shensi Province, in 



the Possession of H. E. Tuan Fang, Peking 40 



X. Stone Chisels from Shantung Province, in Royal Scottish Mu- 

 seum, Edinburgh 47 



XL Stone Hammers from Shantung Province, in Royal Scottish 



Museum, Edinburgh 48 



XII. Stone Pestles from Shantung Province, in Royal Scottish Mu- 

 seum, Edinburgh . 49 



XIII. Grooved Stone Axes 50 



Fig. 1. Grooved Diorite Axe from Shantung Province, in 



British Museum, London. 

 Fig. 2. Grooved Quartz Axe from India, in British Museum, 



London. After Rivett-Carnac. 

 Fig. 3. Grooved Stone Hammer from Saghalin. After 



Iijima. 

 Fig. 4. Grooved Stone Hammer of the Chukchi. After 



Bogoras 



XIV. Manchu and Chinese Document of the Emperor Shun-chih 



carved in Jade Slabs in 1648 118 



XV. Jade Images and Symbols of the Deity Earth 122 



Figs. 1-3. Jade Images of Earth. Cat. Nos. 116512, 116513, 



1 16569. 

 Figs. 4-5. Marble Symbols serving in the Sacrifices to Earth. 

 Cat. Nos. 1 16590, 1 16589. 

 XVI. Bronze Fittings of Chariot Wheel-Naves, Cat. Nos. 1 16894, 



1 16896 127 



XVII. Reconstructions in Plaster of Sacrificial Emblems 144 



Fig. 1. Emblem serving in Sacrifices to Heaven. Cat. No. 



1 17942. 

 Fig. 2. Emblem in Sacrifices to Sun, Moon, Planets and 



Constellations. Cat. No. 1 17943. 

 Fig. 3. Emblem in Sacrifices to the Mountains and Rivers. 

 Cat. No. 1 17944. 

 XVIII. Han Pottery Quadrangular Jar, with Inscription "Grain Vessel 



(kutou)," its Shape imitating the Image of Earth. Cat. No. 1 1 8383 152 

 XIX. Sung Glazed Pottery Vases shaped into the Image of Earth. 



Cat. Nos. 1 18377, 1 18378 152 



. XX. Sung Glazed Pottery Vases shaped into the Image of Earth. 



Cat. Nos. 118381, 1 18382 153 



XXI. (Colored.) Jade Disk representing Image of the Deity Heaven. 



Cat. No. 1 16575 '. . 156 



XXII. (Colored.) Jade Disks Symbolic of the Deity Heaven. Cat. Nos. 



116577, 116578 157 



