134 Field Museum of Natural History — Anth., Vol. X. 



ductory remark: "The large ones among the ancient jades going under 

 the name wheel-naves ikang t'ou, Giles No. 5892) among the present 



generation are all iden- 



tical with the ts'ung. 

 The Shuo wen says: 

 The ts'ung is an auspi- 

 cious jade, eight inches 

 big, resembling a, wheel- 

 nave." The case is 

 therefore very plain. 

 The object is likened 

 to another similar one ; 

 it is called after this 

 simile and finally taken 

 for the real thing with 

 which it is only com- 

 pared. 



Six further speci- 

 mens of huang ts'ung, 

 varying in length, all 

 of yellow jade with red 

 spots, plainly polished 

 and unornamented, are 

 figured by Wu Ta- 

 ch'eng and here reproduced 

 in Figs. 51-56. These were 

 all doubtless connected with 

 the worship of Earth. The 

 specimen illustrated in Fig. 

 57 is not numbered in this 

 series, but only tentatively 

 defined as a yellow ts'ung, 

 because it is also made of 

 yellow jade interspersed with 

 red spots on all sides; but it 

 is, as our author himself 

 remarks, different from that 

 type in that it shows the 

 shape of a ring in the exte- 

 rior as well as in the interior, 



Fig. 54- 

 Yellow Jade Tubes, huang ts'ung. 



and he compares it, not very happily, with the opening of the bronze 

 goblet ku. Then follows a group of twelve ts'ung (Figs. 58-69) defined as 

 tsu ts'ung without further explanation. 



