16 Field Columbian Museum — Anthropology, Vol. IX. 



left behind at the mercy of the enemy; but the greatest honor is 

 accorded to him who leads his fellows to victory after they have been 

 defeated by the enemy. 



The paint, the dress, the songs, and the dances of the members of 

 the warrior societies are, in general, characteristic for each of the five 

 societies. Thus each society has its four sacred songs sung to different 

 tunes, part with words and part without words. Besides these char- 

 acteristic songs there are four sacred songs for the five warrior societies, 

 which are sung to the Great Medicine, and each society has its four 

 battle songs, sung by individual warriors while on the battle-field or 

 in concert, at a council of warriors. The members of each society 

 address each other as "friend" or "brother," and they afford each 

 other mutual protection. When a society desires to take into its 

 membership a young man they go to him in a body and bring him 

 into their society. 



The Red-Shield, Coyote, and Hoof-Rattle or Dew-Claw societies 

 admit into their lodge four Cheyenne maidens, usually selected from 

 the daughters of the forty-four leading chiefs; these maidens the 

 warriors call sisters. The warriors are not allowed to marry any of 

 the four maidens of their own society, though they may marry 

 the maidens of other societies. These maidens are given prominent 

 places in all dances and they sit in the midst of the circle in front of 

 the war chiefs in all the councils. The two other societies do not 

 admit women into their lodges. When the great Prophet directed 

 the medicine-men to establish the warrior societies he gave them the 

 privilege, at their own risk, of admitting to their lodge four women, 

 chaste and clean, and from the very best families. Misfortune will 

 befall the society who violates the condition. Fearing that through 

 deceit unchaste women might come into their societies, the Dog-Men 

 and the Inverted or Bow-String warriors do not admit women. Each 

 of the existing societies continues to burn incense to the Great Medi- 

 cine, in order to remind him that they are still carrying out his instruc- 

 tions which he gave to their ancient ancestors through the great 

 Prophet. 



7.— THE RED-SHIELD WARRIORS. 



The Red-Shield society has one chief, called "War-chief of the 

 Red-Shield Warriors." He has seven assistant war-chiefs, who are 

 officers and councilors of the society and under whom are from one 

 hundred to two hundred warriors. They select four maidens whom 

 they admit into their society. These maidens, who are usually the 

 daughters of chiefs, are not permitted to marry any of the members 



